High Figure of Merit in Lossy Mode Resonance Sensors with PtSe 2 Thin Film
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High Figure of Merit in Lossy Mode Resonance Sensors with PtSe2 Thin Film Chunyan Qiu1 · Shuaiwen Gan1 · Yuanjiang Xiang2 · Xiaoyu Dai2 Received: 23 May 2020 / Accepted: 13 November 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Lossy mode resonance (LMR) sensors not only support transverse magnetic mode (TM) but also respond to transverse electric (TE) polarization, which has the advantage over traditional surface plasmon resonance sensing supporting only a single TM polarization. We theoretically propose an LMR sensor that can detect the refractive index (RI) changes based on the tSe2 film is fitted through experimental Kretschmann configuration with P tSe2 material. The refractive index parameter of P measurements, and the performance of LMR sensor with P tSe2 is theoretically calculated. The figure of merit (FOM) of the sensor performance has been significantly improved, and the maximum FOM with 626 RIU−1 has been acquired. Keywords Lossy mode resonance · Sensors · PtSe2
Introduction For nearly two decades, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensors had a great development, which has been applied to the point of care testing [1], food safety, and heavy metal detection [2, 3]. Compared with SPR sensors, there are relatively few studies on LMR sensors. In LMR sensors, the noble metal (gold or silver) can be replaced by lossy dielectric; therefore, costs of the materials can be reduced. Furthermore, LMR can be realized with both polarizations, that is to say, the TE and TM polarizations can be adopted to experimental implementation of this type of sensors. Due to the above advantages and benefits of LMR, an increasing number of researchers have begun to pay attention to this aspect of research. Yang et al. first described the method of generating LMR in 1997 [4]. The experimental work of LMR was first explained by Del Villar et al. [5] in 2010 and they concluded the condition of exciting lossy mode resonance (LMR): 𝜀1 > 0and||𝜀1 || > ||𝜀2 ||and||𝜀1 || > ||𝜀0 || , where dielectric constant of the material consists of the real and
* Xiaoyu Dai [email protected] 1
Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics (IMO), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
2
imaginary parts, 𝜀1 and 𝜀2 , respectively, and the dielectric constant of the sensing medium is 𝜀0. There are some LMR sensors for fiber optic research with ITO [6], ZnO [7], and IGZO [8] materials and different fiber structures [9–11], but less research of prism coupling on LMR sensor is proposed. A few results have written in theory like verifying the possibility of LMR sensor in prism coupling [5, 12]. Compared with fiber optic LMR sensors with higher sensitivity, LMR sensors in prism coupling can obtain higher FOM, but with lower sensitivity. Recently, two-dimensional materials [13–15] have been proposed to realize LMR sensors, including graphene [13], black phosphorous (BP) [14], and transition metal dichalcogenides
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