Figure of Merit Enhancement of Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensor Using Ga-Doped Zinc Oxide in Near Infrared Range
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Figure of Merit Enhancement of Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensor Using Ga-Doped Zinc Oxide in Near Infrared Range Sarika PAL1, Alka VERMA2, Y. K. PRAJAPATI3, and J. P. SAINI4 1
Department of ECE, National Institute of Technology Uttarakhand, Srinagar, Garhwal 246174, India
2
Department of ECE, Institute of Engineering and Rural Technology, Allahabad, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh 211002,
India 3
Department of ECE, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh 211004,
India 4
Department of ECE, Netaji Subhas University of Technology (NSUT), New Delhi 110078, India
*
Corresponding author: Alka VERMA
E-mail: [email protected]
Abstract: This work presents a surface plasmon resonance biosensor for the figure of merit enhancement by using Ga-doped zinc oxide (GZO), i.e., nanostructured transparent conducting oxide as plasmonic material in place of metal at the telecommunication wavelength. Two-dimentional graphene is used here as a biorecognition element (BRE) layer for stable and robust adsorption of biomolecules. This is possible due to stronger van der Waals forces between graphene’s hexagonal cells and carbon-like ring arrangement present in biomolecules. The proposed sensor shows improved biosensing due to fascinating electronic, optical, physical, and chemical properties of graphene. This work analyses the sensitivity, detection accuracy, and figure of merit for the GZO/graphene SPR sensor on using the dielectric layer in between the prism and GZO. The highest figure of merit of 366.7 RIU−1 is achieved for the proposed SPR biosensor on using the nanostructured GZO at the 3000 nm dielectric thickness. The proposed SPR biosensor can be used practically for sensing of larger size biomolecules with due availability of advanced techniques for the fabrication of the nanostructured GZO and graphene. Keywords: SPR; transparent conducting oxide; Ga-doped zinc oxide; sensitivity (S); detection accuracy; figure of merit Citation: Sarika PAL, Alka VERMA, Y. K. PRAJAPATI, and J. P. SAINI, “Figure of Merit Enhancement of Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensor Using Ga-Doped Zinc Oxide in Near Infrared Range,” Photonic Sensors, DOI: 10.1007/s13320-020-0583-4.
1. Introduction Since last few decades, optical sensors, especially surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensors, have gained much popularity for gas sensing, chemical sensing, and biosensing applications [1–3]. The SPR sensors are used to detect a change in
refractive index (RI) of the sensing medium, which is very sensitive towards the exponential decaying fields of the surface plasmon wave (SPW) at the metal and dielectric interface. The SPR sensors are the most commonly used sensors for their high sensitivity, accuracy, reliability, label-free, and fast detection procedures [3]. Based on the light
Received: 23 December 2019 / Revised: 26 February 2020 © The Author(s) 2020. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com DOI: 10.1007/s13320-020-0583-4 Article type: Regular
Photonic Sensors
coupling mechanism, the
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