High Performance Acetone Sensor Based on Au Modified ZnO Nanosheets Fabricated via Solvothermal and Ultrasonic Reduction
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https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-020-08546-4 2020 The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society
High Performance Acetone Sensor Based on Au Modified ZnO Nanosheets Fabricated via Solvothermal and Ultrasonic Reduction Method YAN LI ,1,2 SHUANG SONG,1 XIAO-XUE LIAN,1 LIN-XI SHAN,1 and QING-JUN ZHOU1 1.—College of Science, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin 300300, People’s Republic of China. 2.—e-mail: [email protected]
Au modified ZnO nanosheets with excellent acetone sensing were successfully fabricated via solvothermal routine and ultrasonic reduction method. The structure, morphology and composition of the as-synthesized products were characterized by x-ray diffraction, field-emission electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy. Gas sensors based on the as-prepared products with different Au content were tested in detail. The results indicate that ultrasonic reduction can effectively drive in situ nucleation and growth of gold nanoparticles on the surface of ZnO, resulting in a close contact phase boundary between Au nanoparticles and ZnO nanosheets that is very beneficial to the material’s gas sensitivity. Au modification can greatly enhance the gas sensing ability of ZnO sensors. Specifically, the sensor based on 0.5 at.% Au modified ZnO exhibits the highest response, quickest response and satisfactory selectivity towards acetone. The response increases to 164–100 ppm acetone at 275C, which is more than about 4.5 times the response (37) of pure ZnO. This study demonstrates that Au modified ZnO has great potential for acetone detection in industrial applications. Key words: Zinc oxide, nanosheets, Au modification, ultrasonic reduction, acetone sensor, gas sensing
INTRODUCTION ZnO, a well-known metal-oxide semiconductor material with wide band gap (Eg 3.7 eV) and large exciton bonding energy (60 meV), exhibits excellent application prospects in functional materials and devices application areas such as optics, solar power, piezoelectrics, nanolasersand photocatalysis.1–3 ZnO is environmentally-friendly, and demonstrates good electrical conductivity, availability, excellent response-recovery characteristics and stability.4 ZnO is a very efficient gas sensing material for detecting poisonous, flammable and
(Received July 25, 2020; accepted October 1, 2020)
explosive gases to ensure the safety of people’s lives, with applications in industrial and agricultural production.5,6 Many research works7,8 have proved that the morphology and microstructures of nanomaterials exert strong influence on their gas sensing performance. Therefore, various ZnO nanostructures have been widely synthesized by a variety of routes in the last 10 years, such as nanoparticles, nanowires,9 nanorods,10 nanotubes,11 nanosheets12 and hollow microspheres13. 2D sheet-like materials have recently attracted increasing attention for gas sensing applications.14,15 In recent years, metal element doping has been adopted to improve the gas sensing performance of ZnO. Fe-doped ZnO nanoparti
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