High-performance supercapacitor poplar catkin Ag/carbon fibers composites

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High‑performance supercapacitor poplar catkin Ag/carbon fibers composites Liqiong Zhang1 · Xingxiang Ji1 · Hongyu Si1 · Yujie Zhang1 · Lei Sha1 · Honglei Chen1 · Xin Zhao1,2  Received: 16 April 2020 / Accepted: 10 September 2020 / Published online: 22 September 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020

Abstract An efficient method is described to fabricate carbonized wood fibers (CWF)-based electrode materials decorated with Ag particles (CWF-Ag) through electroless plating, and further carbonization from natural biomass poplar catkin and poplar fiber. Intrinsic physical advantages of poplar catkin fibers provide a chance of evenly dispersed Ag layer in addition to successful modulation of porosity and conductivity. However, the separation process resulted in cross-linked structures defect of poplar fibers, which impeded Ag particles to uniformly disperse. CWF-Ag from poplar catkin (CWF-Ag-poplar catkin) displays well-defined electrochemical performance for supercapacitors on account of its large specific surface area (745 ­m2/g), and hierarchical porous structure. Remarkably, CWF-Ag-poplar catkin achieves a high specific capacitance of 250 F/g at a current density of 1 A/g in 1 M KOH electrolyte that is about 1.3 times higher than CWF-Ag-poplar fiber (190 F/g). The result is due to uniform loading of silver on fibers. CWF-Ag-poplar catkin shows good rate capability and outstanding cycling stability up to 5000 times (only 5% loss of capacitance). The present study provides a simple and efficient approach (electroless plating) to design a high capacitance and stable supercapacitor electrode from natural biomass without treatment. Graphic abstract The present study provides a simple and efficient approach (electroless plating) to design a high capacitance and stable supercapacitor electrode from natural biomass, poplar catkin.

* Xin Zhao [email protected] 1



State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, People’s Republic of China



The Key Laboratory of Bio‑Based Material Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, People’s Republic of China

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Keywords  Carbonized wood fibers · Ag electroless plating · Poplar catkin · Supercapacitor

1 Introduction Owing to rapid consumption of non-renewable resources and increasing global energy requirements, it is urgent to discover eco-friendly sources, research high-performance energy conversion of these sources, and develop resultant storage devices. Biobased materials have been giving rise to huge research passion, due to abundant source, diversity, low price and renewable. Supercapacitors typically store 10–100 times more energy per unit volume or mass than normal electrolytic capacitors, which can accept and deliver charge faster, tolerate many more cycling than batteries [1]. Based on different charge storage mechanisms, they are generally

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