High preoperative serum sVCAM-1 concentration as a predictor of early ovarian cancer recurrence
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(2020) 13:107
RESEARCH
Open Access
High preoperative serum sVCAM-1 concentration as a predictor of early ovarian cancer recurrence Marina Jakimovska1, Katarina Černe2, Ivan Verdenik1 and Borut Kobal1,3,4* Keywords: sVCAM-, Ovarian cancer, Early recurrence
Introduction Epithelial Ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most lethal gynecological cancer and more than 70% of all cases are diagnosed at an advanced stage. It has been shown that not only complete cytoreductive surgery, but also tumor chemotherapy sensitivity is crucial in terms of relapse time. Even if approximately 80% of the women respond to treatment, the relapse is common although a complete clinical remission is obtained [1]. Most of the patient will relapse within 24 months of the treatment, which has unfortunately been unchanged in recent decades despite developments in chemo pharmacy [2]. Predicting risk of recurrence will allow patients to have a better quality of life and clinicians to better approach in ovarian cancer treatment. Several tumour markers have been studied in the serum of ovarian cancer patients to provide better disease monitoring. One such protein has been Soluble Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) [3]. Its elevated concentration is shown to be associated with tumour presence [4]. Expressed on activated endothelial and mesothelial cells VCAM-1 has been identified as an important mediator for adhesion of ovarian cancer cells to and invasion through the mesothelium [5]. In our previous study we evidenced the positive correlation of the sVCAM-1 concentration in ovarian cancer patient’s serum and ascites, which represents tumour * Correspondence: [email protected] 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gyaecology, University Medical Centre, Ljubljana, Slovenia 3 Faculty of medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
microenvironment [3]. The aim of the current study was to analyse preoperative serum and ascites sVCAM- 1 concentration and to correlate them to ovarian cancer recurrence and survival.
Materials and methods Study design
We conducted an observational cohort prospective study on patients with diagnosis of advanced stage (FIGO stage III or IV) primary EOC operated at Division of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Slovenia, between 2011 to 2013. The trial was approved by the National Medical Ethics Committee of Republic of Slovenia (Approval number 82/01/11).
Inclusion and exclusion criteria
We considered as inclusion criteria: diagnosis of primary EOC with FIGO stage III or IV independently from tumor grading, absence of concomitant malignant neoplasms, patients that underwent primary-debulking surgery (PDS) or neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) plus interval debulking surgery (IDS). We excluded all patients with diseases demonstrated to influence sVCAM-1 concentration (active inflammation, complicated diabetes, various autoimmune diseases), nonepithelial histologic type. All patients received and signed consen
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