How English Became the Global Language

In this book, the first written about the globalization of the English language by a professional historian, the exploration of English's global ascendancy receives its proper historical due. This brief, accessible volume breaks new ground in its organiza

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Copyright material from www.palgraveconnect.com - licensed to University of Sydney - PalgraveConnect - 2016-03-24

HOW ENGLISH BECAME THE GLOBAL LANGUAGE

10.1057/9781137303073 - How English Became the Global Language, David Northrup

10.1057/9781137303073 - How English Became the Global Language, David Northrup

Copyright material from www.palgraveconnect.com - licensed to University of Sydney - PalgraveConnect - 2016-03-24

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David Northrup

10.1057/9781137303073 - How English Became the Global Language, David Northrup

Copyright material from www.palgraveconnect.com - licensed to University of Sydney - PalgraveConnect - 2016-03-24

How English Became the Global Language

HOW ENGLISH BECAME THE GLOBAL LANGUAGE

Copyright © David Northrup, 2013. All rights reserved.

Where this book is distributed in the UK, Europe and the rest of the world, this is by Palgrave Macmillan, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited, registered in England, company number 785998, of Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS. Palgrave Macmillan is the global academic imprint of the above companies and has companies and representatives throughout the world. Palgrave® and Macmillan® are registered trademarks in the United States, the United Kingdom, Europe and other countries. ISBN: 978–1–137–30306–6 (paperback) ISBN: 978–1–137–30305–9 (hardcover) Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Northrup, David, 1941– author How English Became the Global Language / David Northrup. pages cm Includes index. ISBN 978–1–137–30305–9 (alk. paper)— ISBN 978–1–137–30306–6 (alk. paper) 1. English language—Globalization. 2. English language—History. 3. English language—Foreign countries. 4. English language—Variation. I. Title. PE1073.N67 2013 420.9—dc23

2012038715

A catalogue record of the book is available from the British Library. Design by Newgen Imaging Systems (P) Ltd., Chennai, India. First edition: March 2013 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

10.1057/9781137303073 - How English Became the Global Language, David Northrup

Copyright material from www.palgraveconnect.com - licensed to University of Sydney - PalgraveConnect - 2016-03-24

First published in 2013 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN® in the United States—a division of St. Martin’s Press LLC, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010.

List of Figures and Tables

vii

List of Abbreviations

ix

Preface and Acknowledgments

xi

Chapter 1 Introduction: Disciplines, Perspectives, Debates, and Overview How Different Disciplines Tell the History of English An Introduction to Language History Debates about Modern History Overview

1 2 7 16 22

Chapter 2 The Language of the British Isles Invaders Modern English English in Scotland, Wales, and Ireland Conclusion

27 28 33 37 45

Chapter 3 The Language of North America Colonial Beginnings Expansion and Assimilation Persistence of Other Languages and Bilingualism

49 50 57 63

Chapter 4 English in Imperial Asia and Africa British Colonies in Asia British Colonies in Africa American Colonies in Africa, Asia, and the Pacific

7