Human Organotypic Respiratory Models
Biomedical research aiming to understand the molecular basis of human lung tissue development, homeostasis and disease, or to develop new therapies for human respiratory diseases, requires models that faithfully recapitulate the human condition. This has
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Contents 1 2
Introduction.......................................................................................................................... Organotypic Respiratory Models ........................................................................................ 2.1 Unicellular 3D Models ............................................................................................... 2.2 Models Built Layer by Layer..................................................................................... 2.3 Immunocompetent 3D Models................................................................................... 2.4 Lung-on-a-Chip .......................................................................................................... 2.5 Spheroids and Organoids ........................................................................................... 2.6 Tissue Explants........................................................................................................... 2.7 Considerations for In Vitro/Ex Vivo Modeling......................................................... 3 Conclusions and Future Perspectives.................................................................................. References ..................................................................................................................................
Abstract Biomedical research aiming to understand the molecular basis of human lung tissue development, homeostasis and disease, or to develop new therapies for human respiratory diseases, requires models that faithfully recapitulate the human condition. This has stimulated biologists and engineers to develop in vitro organotypic models mimicking human respiratory tissues. In this chapter, we provide examples of different types of model systems ranging from simple unicellular cultures to more complex multicellular systems. The models contain, in varying degree, cell types present in real tissue in combination with different extracellular matrix components that can critically affect cell phenotype and function. We also
Current topics in Microbiology and Immunology, “Three-dimensional human organotypic models for biomedical research” Eds Rino Rappuoli and Fabio Bagnoli Human organotypic respiratory models. M. Svensson (&) P. Chen F59, Department of Medicine, Center for Infectious Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, 141 86, Stockholm, Sweden e-mail: [email protected] © Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2018 Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology DOI 10.1007/82_2018_91
M. Svensson and P. Chen
describe how organotypic respiratory models can be combined with human innate immune cells, to better recapitulate tissue inflammation, a key component in, for example, infectious diseases. These models have the potential to provide new insights into lung physiology, tissue infection and inflammation, disease mechanisms, as well as provide a platform for identification of novel targets and screening of candidate
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