Human Schistosomiasis in the Middle East and North Africa Region
Human schistosomiasis is one of the most common Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs); it is an intravascular parasite caused by the trematode blood fluke (Schistosoma). Most human infections are caused by S. haematobium, S. mansoni, and S. japonicum. An est
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Mary Ann McDowell Sima Rafati Editors
Neglected Tropical Diseases – Middle East and North Africa
Neglected Tropical Diseases
Series Editors Dr. Peter Hotez Department of Pediatrics Baylor College of Medicine Texas Children’s Hospital Texas, USA
For further volumes: http://www.springer.com/series/11165
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Mary Ann McDowell • Sima Rafati Editors
Neglected Tropical Diseases Middle East and North Africa
Editors Mary Ann McDowell Department of Biological Sciences Eck Institute for Global Health University of Notre Dame Notre Dame Indiana USA
Sima Rafati Molecular Immunology and Vaccine Research Pasteur Institute of Iran Tehran Iran
ISSN 2194-8275 ISSN 2194-8283 (electronic) ISBN 978-3-7091-1612-8 ISBN 978-3-7091-1613-5 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-7091-1613-5 Springer Wien Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London Library of Congress Control Number: 2014944555 © Springer-Verlag Wien 2014 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher’s location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations are liable to prosecution under the respective Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Human beings are members of a whole, In creation of one essence and soul. If one member is afflicted with pain, Other members uneasy will remain. If you’ve no sympathy for human pain, The name of human you cannot retain. Saadi Shirazi 1210–1291
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Preface
The Neglected Tropical Diseases
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