Hydrogen Production by Steam Reforming of Methanol over New Ag-Au(1-D)-CeO 2 Catalyst
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Hydrogen Production by Steam Reforming of Methanol over New Ag-Au(1-D)-CeO2 Catalyst R. Pérez-Hernández*, A. Gutiérrez-Martínez and C. Gutiérrez-Wing Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, Carr. México-Toluca S/N La Marquesa, Ocoyoacac, Edo. de México C. P. 52750, México. E-mail: [email protected] e-mail: [email protected] Abstract A Ag-Au(1-D)-CeO2 catalyst was prepared by precipitation method using Ag-Au nanowires and Ce(NO3)3⋅6H2O as precursors. The catalytic activity of the catalysts was evaluated in a steam reforming of methanol (SRM) reaction from 250 to 475 °C. 100 % of methanol conversion was observed at 450 °C together with high H2 selectivity. This study evidenced that the use of 1-D metallic nanostructures could be used as an active phase on a CeO2 matrix for steam reforming of methanol for H2 generation to be used as fuel.
1. INTRODUCTION Fuel cells use pure hydrogen or H2-rich gas as a fuel, which needs to be stored or produced onboard a vehicle. Due to the lack of H2 storing technologies and distribution infrastructure, the catalytic on-board production of H2-rich gas from a suitable hydrocarbon or alcoholic fuel is attracting increased attention. Methanol is probably the best choice because it has a high hydrogen/carbon ratio, this makes the steam reforming of methanol energetically favorable and has the advantage of reduction of soot formation due to the absence of carbon–carbon bonds, which may otherwise lead to catalyst deactivation [1,2]. In the literature, copper based catalysts have received considerable attention for H2 production by steam reforming of methanol (SRM) or oxidative steam reforming of methanol (OSRM) [37]. However, in recent times gold-base catalysts have been extensively studied in connection with the advancement in fuel cell technology and related hydrogen fuel processing. Research activities are not only based on their extremely high CO oxidation activity at low temperature [8]. Other reactions based on metal oxide supports have been investigated. The role of metal oxide is to stabilize the gold nanoparticles and make the reaction take place on the gold surface. Small Au0 clusters and O vacancy sites on ceria were claimed to be the active centers of Au/CeO2 catalysts for the WGS reaction [8]. Methanol steam reforming for H2 production has not been studied with Au-base catalysts. However, Chang et al. [9] studied the hydrogen production via partial oxidation of methanol on Au/TiO2 catalysts. They reported high methanol conversion at 373 K but low H2 production as a function of time on the reaction. On the other hand, bimetallic catalysts could show better catalytic activity or selectivity and high resistance to deactivation compared with monometallic catalysts. Silver has shown interesting catalytic properties. In a previous study we reported the catalytic activity of the silver supported on ZnO 1D rods catalysts on the steam reforming methanol reaction for hydrogen production [10]. Based on this, in the search for better catalytic properties, we have
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