Identification of suitable Botryococcus braunii strains for non-destructive in situ hydrocarbon extraction
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Identification of suitable Botryococcus braunii strains for non-destructive in situ hydrocarbon extraction Christian Kleinert 1
&
Carola Griehl 1
Received: 6 July 2020 / Revised and accepted: 22 November 2020 # The Author(s) 2020
Abstract The process of milking microalgae is a promising approach to reduce the downstream costs for the production of valuable substances from microalgae by avoiding the steps of harvest, dewatering, and cell disruption of the common process chain (cultivation, harvesting, dewatering, cell disruption, extraction, purification). The green microalga Botryococcus braunii is particularly suited for this process due to its ability to produce large amounts of long-chain hydrocarbons accumulating in an extracellular matrix. The extracellular location of hydrocarbons is an enormous advantage in comparison with other microalgae that accumulate lipids in intracellular lipid bodies. At present, only a few B. braunii strains (UTEX 572, CCAP 807/2, SAG 807/ 1, FACHB 357, Bot22, and SCCAP 1761) have been examined for the process of long-term repetitive milking. In order to identify promising candidates for the milking process, twelve different B. braunii strains (SAG 30.81, SAG 807/1, UTEX 572, UTEX 2441, CCAP 807/2, ACOI 58, ACOI 1257, SCCAP K-1489, var. Showa, Bot22, SCCAP K-1761, and CCALA 779) were investigated in terms of growth, lipid accumulation, nutrient uptake, solvent compatibility, and extracellular hydrocarbon extractability. Based on these results, a ranking was defined in view of eligibility for non-destructive hydrocarbon extraction. Results indicate a particular potential for hydrocarbon milking for two of those twelve B. braunii strains. The strain Showa (71 out of 75 ranking points), which has not yet been examined for long-term repetitive milking, and the strain Bot22 (64 out of 75 ranking points) seem to be the most suitable strains for the milking process. They both possess good extractant compatibility including hydrocarbon extractability as well as high biomass and lipid productivity. Keywords Botryococcus braunii . Chlorophyceae . Milking . Hydrocarbons . Microalgae . Growth . Solvent compatibility
Introduction Microalgae and their numerous advantages have been mentioned in several publications to date (Rosello Sastre and Posten 2010; Griehl and Bieler 2011; Santhosh et al. 2016; Deviram et al. 2020). They can play a key role in future strategies for reducing carbon dioxide emissions, nutrient removal from waste water, and could serve the health, food, aquaculture, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries with valuable, biological, ecological, and non-fossil compounds (Borowitzka 2013; Borowitzka and Moheimani 2013). Nevertheless, the costs of recovering valuable substances from microalgae biomass remain a major bottleneck in microalgae biotechnology. Based on the common process
* Carola Griehl [email protected] 1
Competence Center Algal Biotechnology, Anhalt University of Applied Sciences, Koethen, Germany
chain, biomass is harvested after cultivation, dewater
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