Identifying the Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Environmental Monitoring in Airborne Infectious Isolation Rooms (AIIRs)
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Identifying the Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Environmental Monitoring in Airborne Infectious Isolation Rooms (AIIRs) Zhi-Gang Song1 • Yan-Mei Chen1 • Fan Wu1 • Lin Xu1 • Bang-Fang Wang1 • Lei Shi1 • Xiao Chen2 • Fa-Hui Dai1 • Jia-Lei She1 • Jian-Min Chen3 • Edward C. Holmes1,4 • Tong-Yu Zhu1 • Yong-Zhen Zhang1 Received: 28 May 2020 / Accepted: 31 August 2020 Ó Wuhan Institute of Virology, CAS 2020
Abstract Healthcare workers (HCWs) are at high risk of occupational exposure to the new pandemic human coronavirus, SARSCoV-2, and are a source of nosocomial transmission in airborne infectious isolation rooms (AIIRs). Here, we performed comprehensive environmental contamination surveillance to evaluate the risk of viral transmission in AIIRs with 115 rooms in three buildings at the Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai, during the treatment of 334 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. The results showed that the risk of airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in AIIRs was low (1.62%, 25/1544) due to the directional airflow and strong environmental hygiene procedures. However, we detected viral RNA on the surface of foot-operated openers and bathroom sinks in AIIRs (viral load: 55.00–3154.50 copies/mL). This might be a source of contamination to connecting corridors and object surfaces through the footwear and gloves used by HCWs. The risk of infection was eliminated by the use of disposable footwear covers and the application of more effective environmental and personal hygiene measures. With the help of effective infection control procedures, none of 290 HCWs was infected when working in the AIIRs at this hospital. This study has provided information pertinent for infection control in AIIRs during the treatment of COVID-19 patients. Keywords SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Nosocomial transmission AIIRs Environmental sampling
Introduction Zhi-Gang Song, Yan-Mei Chen and Fan Wu are contributed equally to this work.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s12250-020-00301-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. & Yong-Zhen Zhang [email protected] & Tong-Yu Zhu [email protected] 1
Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
2
College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
3
Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
4
Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, School of Life and Environmental Sciences and School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
Coronaviruses (Coronaviridae) are positive-sense singlestranded RNA viruses with enveloped virions (Masters and Perlman 2013). They can infect humans, other mammals, and birds, causing respiratory, enteric, h
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