Image-based deformation measurement
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Image-based deformation measurement Marco Scaioni & Tiantian Feng & Luigi Barazzetti & Mattia Previtali & Riccardo Roncella
Received: 26 March 2014 / Accepted: 10 December 2014 # Società Italiana di Fotogrammetria e Topografia (SIFET) 2014
Abstract Image-based deformation measurement (IBDM) techniques entail the use of image sequences for extracting metric information to be compared over time. Their applications may concern several domains, such as civil and mechanical engineering as well as geosciences. The rationale behind IBDM and the methodological classification are discussed in the paper along with some examples of application derived from the experience of the authors. The main advantages of IBDM techniques are the non-contact observational capability, the large coverage on the object along with high acquisition rate, as well as an improvement of the degree of image processing automation. In addition, IBDM is generally a relatively low-cost approach. After a short review of the current state of the art, applications are organized into three main categories: (1) photogrammetric coded-target
M. Scaioni (*) : T. Feng College of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, Tongji University, 1239 Siping road, Shanghai 200092, People’s Republic of China e-mail: [email protected] T. Feng e-mail: [email protected] M. Scaioni : L. Barazzetti : M. Previtali Department of Architecture, Built Environment and Construction Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, via Ponzio 31, 20133 Milan, Italy L. Barazzetti e-mail: [email protected] M. Previtali e-mail: [email protected] R. Roncella Department of Civil, Environmental, Land Management Engineering and Architecture, University of Parma, via Parco Area delle Scienze, 181/a, 43124 Parma, Italy e-mail: [email protected]
measurements, (2) surface-point tracking to reconstruct dense displacement fields, and (3) comparison of surfaces obtained from dense image matching. Different camera configurations and geometric models to transform points from the image space to the object space are also discussed. Keywords Close-range photogrammetry . Computer vision . Deformation measurement . Image metrology
Introduction The analysis of deformations and geometric changes of various kinds of objects is relevant to many fields of geosciences and engineering. Measurement is a main task in this process, which can be afforded by using several techniques and sensors. It is out of the scope of this paper to give an exhaustive review on this topic, spanning from the investigation of crustal deformations in geodynamics to microscopic observations in nanomaterial science. Moreover, several different platforms are used, including close-range sensors, unmanned aerial vehicles (or UAVs), manned aircrafts, and satellites. For this reason, we limit the topic on applications where groundbased cameras are used for capturing images of objects at a distance ranging from few decimeters to about 500 m. Generally speaking, the use of imagery as data source for
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