Immobilization of agricultural phosphorus in temperate floodplain soils of Illinois, USA
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Immobilization of agricultural phosphorus in temperate floodplain soils of Illinois, USA Mary R. Arenberg . Xinqiang Liang . Yuji Arai
Received: 21 April 2020 / Accepted: 4 August 2020 Ó Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Nutrient losses from Mississippi watersheds degrade downstream water bodies. As forested floodplains intercept agricultural drainage waters, a limiting nutrient like phosphorus (P) could potentially be sequestered in forest soils, reducing P loss to the Gulf of Mexico. Thus far, the role of temperate deciduous floodplain soils for P has not been extensively investigated in the Midwestern United States. The objective of this study was to investigate the buffering capacity of P in floodplain soils using soil biochemical chemical assays, 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) and P K-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy (XANES). Phosphorus reaction dynamics were compared between floodplains and surrounding upland soils in east-central Illinois, USA. Total organic P was
significantly greater in the floodplain (277.27 ± 159.51 mg kg-1) than that in the upland (113.04 ± 74.88 mg kg-1), illustrating its buffering capacity. Notably, microbial biomass P (averaged 13.08 mg kg-1) was greater in the floodplain than that in the upland. The results of 31P NMR analysis showed the presence of organic P (e.g., orthophosphate monoesters) and orthophosphate. The P K-edge XANES analysis shows that these inorganic and organic P species are predominantly adsorbed in calcite and precipitated as calcium phosphate in floodplain soils. These findings suggest that temperate deciduous floodplain soils have a great potential to immobilize agricultural P in the Upper Mississippi watershed.
Responsible Editor: Edith Bai
Keywords Phosphorus Floodplains Immobilization Forest soils P cycling Nutrient buffering Alfisol Mollisol
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-020-00696-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Introduction
M. R. Arenberg Y. Arai (&) Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, The University of Illinois at UrbanaChampaign, Urbana 61801, USA e-mail: [email protected] X. Liang College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
Although P is oftentimes the primary or secondary limiting nutrient in many environmental systems, anthropogenic inputs have accelerated terrestrial P flows by approximately three times their naturally occurring rates through the application of syntheticand animal based-fertilizer (Bouwman et al. 2011;
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Biogeochemistry
Carpenter et al. 1998; Howarth et al. 2002; Liu et al. 2008; Smil 2000). Excess P in marine and freshwater ecosystems leads to a variety of environmental issues, including the growth of populations of toxic cyanobacteria and Pfiesteria, eutrophication, and the development of hypoxic zones (Burkholder and Gl
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