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Contents 1 Introduction 2 Sampling and Separation of MPs 3 Source and Distribution 3.1 Possible Sources of MPs in Agricultural Soils 3.2 Spatial and Temporal Distribution of MPs in Agricultural Soils 4 Pollution Characteristics of MPs in Agricultural Soils 4.1 Composition and Shape 4.2 Size and Abundance 4.3 Morphology 5 Effects of MPs on Agricultural Soils 6 Conclusion and Prospect References

W. Li State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Bioremediation, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Science, Urumqi, China Y. Luo Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China e-mail: [email protected] X. Pan (*) State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Bioremediation, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Science, Urumqi, China Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China e-mail: [email protected] Defu He and Yongming Luo (eds.), Microplastics in Terrestrial Environments - Emerging Contaminants and Major Challenges, Hdb Env Chem, DOI 10.1007/698_2020_448, © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020

W. Li et al.

Abstract Microplastics (MPs) are widespread contaminants that produce at least 300 Mio t of plastic annually, from which a large amount ends up in the environment, where it persists over decades, harms biota, and enters the food chain. Yet, almost nothing is known about MP pollution of agricultural soils. Hence, the aim of this work is to review current knowledge on: 1. The sampling and separation methods in agricultural soils. Currently, the sampling and extraction of MPs from soil are similar to those in water and sediments. 2. Possible source input in soils, such as residual mulch degradation, compost and sewage sludge, atmospheric precipitation, and surface runoff and irrigation. 3. The spatial-temporal distribution of MPs, which may be affected by artificial tillage disturbance, irrigation infiltration, and organisms in agricultural soils. 4. Composition, shape, size, abundance, morphology, and other pollution characteristics that are discussed. However, comparison of reported microplastic abundances and other pollution characteristics are often impossible or require additional calculations based on assumptions. 5. Environmental effect of MPs in agricultural soils. Yet, the current data based on microplastic pollution in soil is still poor. Accordingly, further research on the prevalence and fate of MPs in agricultural soils is urgently warranted. In addition, we also suggest other perspectives for future studies on microplastic pollution