Immunoendocrinology: Scientific and Clinical Aspects

Immunoendocrinology is a rapidly developing field of research that seeks to understand the intersection of the immune and endocrine systems. Immunoendocrinology: Scientific and Clinical Aspects explores in detail the current knowledge of immunoendocrinolo

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Immunoendocrinology: Scientific and Clinical Aspects Edited by

George S. Eisenbarth University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, Aurora, CO, USA

Editor George S. Eisenbarth University of Colorado Health Sciences Center Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes Aurora, CO USA [email protected]

ISBN 978-1-60327-477-7 e-ISBN 978-1-60327-478-4 DOI 10.1007/978-1-60327-478-4 Springer New York Dordrecht Heidelberg London © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2011 All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Humana Press, c/o Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of going to press, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Printed on acid-free paper Humana Press is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)

Dedication This book is dedicated to the millions of families affected by autoimmunity who have partnered in research to prevent these disorders and have created Centers and Programs for Care and Research through gifts large and small.

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Preface As illustrated by the chapters in this book, autoimmune disorders are diverse and the same. At the heart of these diseases are specific alleles of genes of the major histocompatibility complex favoring the targeting of specific antigens, with diseases differing in the specific alleles favoring or preventing autoimmunity. The fine balance between self tolerance and autoimmunity is upset by major mutations in a few families, and multiple polymorphisms in most families. Large scale genetic (research involving the screening of hundreds of thousands of newborns) and then immunologic prediction of many autoimmune disorders is now a reality for both families and the general population. With the exception of celiac disease, environmental factors essential for disease and contributing to the marked increase in many of these disorders are undefined. Despite our lack of comprehensive knowledge, multiple immunotherap