Impact of acute mental stress on segmental arterial stiffness
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Impact of acute mental stress on segmental arterial stiffness Daisuke Kume1 · Masato Nishiwaki2 · Norio Hotta3 · Hiroshi Endoh4 Received: 21 January 2020 / Accepted: 19 July 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Purpose It has been reported that acute brief episodes of mental stress (MS) result in a prolonged increase in carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), an index of aortic stiffness. However, whether acute MS also impacts arterial stiffness in other segments is unclear. The present study aimed to examine the impact of acute MS on segmental arterial stiffness. Methods In the main experiment, 17 young male subjects (mean age, 20.1 ± 0.7 years) performed a 5-min MS and control (CON) task in a random order. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) from the heart to the brachium (hbPWV) and the ankle (haPWV), PWV between the brachial artery and the ankle (baPWV), and the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) were simultaneously measured at baseline and 5, 15, and 30 min after the task. Results Compared to baseline values, hbPWV, baPWV, haPWV, and CAVI significantly increased until 30 min after the MS task, whereas these variables did not significantly change following the CON task. At 5 and 30 min after the MS task, percentage changes from baseline were significantly higher in hbPWV (+ 5.2 ± 4.4 and 6.6 ± 4.9%) than in baPWV (+ 2.2 ± 2.1 and 2.2 ± 2.0%) or haPWV (+ 3.6 ± 2.6 and 4.3 ± 2.9%) and were also significantly lower in baPWV than in haPWV. Conclusion These findings suggest that acute MS elicits an increase in arterial stiffness in various segments and this arterial stiffening is not uniform among the segments. Keywords Pulse wave velocity · Cardio-ankle vascular index · Cardiovascular disease · Heart rate · Blood pressure Abbreviations ANOVA Analysis of variance baPWV Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity BP Blood pressure CAVI Cardio-ankle vascular index cfPWV Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity Communicated by Fabio Fischetti. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-020-04448-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Daisuke Kume [email protected] 1
Department of Health, Sports and Welfare, Okinawa University, 555 Kokuba, Naha, Okinawa 902‑8521, Japan
2
Faculty of Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology, 5‑16‑1 Omiya, Asahi‑ku, Osaka 535‑8585, Japan
3
Department of Lifelong Sports and Health Sciences, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto‑cho, Kasugai, Aichi 487‑8501, Japan
4
Department of Health and Physical Education, University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa 903‑0213, Japan
CON Control CVD Cardiovascular disease ECG Electrocardiogram haPWV Heart-ankle pulse wave velocity hbPWV Heart-brachial pulse wave velocity MS Mental stress PWV Pulse wave velocity SNS Sympathetic nervous system VAS Visual analogue scale
Introduction Pulse wave velocity (PWV) is widely used as an index of arterial stiffness, and ele
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