Impact of Heating and Rewetting on Soil Respiration and Nutrient Availability Is Enhanced by Prior Growth of Plants
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Impact of Heating and Rewetting on Soil Respiration and Nutrient Availability Is Enhanced by Prior Growth of Plants Mihiri Seneviratne 1 & Mohammad Alamgir 1,2 & Petra Marschner 1 Received: 14 October 2019 / Accepted: 19 January 2020 # Sociedad Chilena de la Ciencia del Suelo 2020
Abstract The effects of heating and rewetting on nutrient availability and microbial activity have been studied extensively. But little is known about the effect of prior presence of plants on the impact of heating on microbial activity and nutrient availability. Soil was planted with wheat or left unplanted. After 4 weeks, roots were removed from the planted soil, washed and then added to half of the previously planted and unplanted soil at 1 g dw kg−1. Half of the replicates from each treatment were heated and then maintained at 60 °C for 30 min followed by rapid rewetting, while others remained unheated. Soil respiration was measured continuously for 14 days. Soils were sampled 2, 7 and 14 days after rewetting for available N and P pools. Heating and rewetting induced a flush of respiration and increased available N and P. The heating-induced increase in initial respiration rate, cumulative respiration and available N and P was greater in previously planted soil than unplanted soil. Heating increased available N and P three- to fivefold in planted soil, but only twofold in unplanted soil. Plant-induced changes in nutrient availability increase the impact of heating on soil respiration and nutrient availability. Keywords Presence of plants . Soil heating . Respiration flush . Available N and P
1 Introduction Shrub or grassland fires can induce short heating events (Scotter 1970, Stoof et al. 2013), but the effect of prior growth of plants on the heating impact is not clear. Growing plants influence soil properties through root exudation and nutrient uptake. Root exudates include a variety of organic compounds that can be rapidly decomposed by microbes increasing their growth and activity and changing microbial community composition (Jones et al. 2009; Chaparro et al. 2014; Semenov et al. 1999; van Hees et al. 2005). The greater activity of microbes in the rhizosphere may affect the response of soil microbes to stress such as heating and rewetting of dry soil Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s42729-020-00179-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Petra Marschner [email protected] 1
School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
2
Department of Soil Science, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh
because active microbes are more susceptible to stress than inactive ones (Schimel et al. 2007; Van Gestel et al. 1993). Further, microbial communities differ in susceptibility to heating and rewetting (Fierer and Schimel 2002; Oliverio et al. 2017). On the other hand, nutrient uptake by roots, can, deplete nutrients such as available N a
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