Impact of inclusion of graphene oxide nanosheets on polypropylene thermal characteristics
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Impact of inclusion of graphene oxide nanosheets on polypropylene thermal characteristics Maziyar Sabet1 · Hassan Soleimani2 · Erfan Mohammadian3,4 · Seyednooroldin Hosseini5 Received: 7 January 2020 / Accepted: 7 September 2020 © Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute 2020
Abstract Thermal steadiness and flame-resistant characteristics of PP/GO nanocomposites were explored. Inclusion of graphene oxide nanosheets (GOs) increased thermal steadiness of the nanocomposites by at least 50 °C through nano-confinement of PP connections and restriction of release of gaseous molecules during degradation. Pyrolysis showed that process of the degradation of PP was not changed in the presence of nanofillers and alkenes consisting of carbon particles that were deterioration products. With addition of GOs to PP, cone calorimetry experiments exposed a substantial deviation in ignition under irradiation. In addition, inclusion of GOs reduced PP’s rate of combustion owing to the creation of a carbon shielding sheet acting as the heat and mass transfer barrier. Uniformly dispersed GOs shifted the decomposing onset temperature (Tonset) of PP to around 40 °C higher which induced a great melt flow rate in the composites and dramatically changed their fire behavior. Delayed dripping resulted in considerably enhanced heat absorption and reduced time for ignition. As a result of development of a shielding film in combustion, under flaming conditions, the highest thermal discharge level of 78% was accomplished. The most prominent features that made PP to prefer carbon nanoparticles were demonstrated by the well-exfoliated GO nanosheets in the PP matrix which was evidenced by TEM images. Findings of TGA indicated that the GO’s addition enhanced the thermal steadiness and PP’s char yields. The nanocomposites of PP/GO 5.0 wt% attained UL-94 with a grade of no dripping and grade V-1. Cone calorimeter test results showed that the PP’s burning performance, peak heat release rate (PHRR) and average specific extinction area decreased noticeably when the GOs’ combination effects was intervened. PHRR showed a decrease of 46% compared to the neat PP for the PP/GO 5.0 wt% nanocomposite. This role offered a new modified approach to enhance the GO’s flame-resistant effectiveness. Keywords Graphene oxide · Polypropylene · Thermal stability · Flammability · Thermal characteristics
Introduction * Maziyar Sabet [email protected] 1
Peroleum and Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Brunei (UTB), Jalan Tungku Link, Mukim Gadong A, Bandar Seri Begawan BE1410, Brunei Darussalam
2
Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Science and Information Technology, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS (UTP), Persiaran UTP, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Bandar Seri Iskandar, Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia
3
Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
4
Department for Management of Science and Technology Development, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
5
Departm
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