Impact strength of 3D printed PLA using open source FFF-based 3D printer
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FULL RESEARCH ARTICLE
Impact strength of 3D printed PLA using open source FFF‑based 3D printer Shilpesh R. Rajpurohit1 · Harshit K. Dave1 Received: 29 January 2020 / Accepted: 1 September 2020 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Fused filament fabrication (FFF) has been used to manufacturing customizable products, which offers tremendous advantages due to its ability to create end-use products having any complex geometry in shorter lead-time. However, the application of the FFF process in functional parts is restricted due to the poor mechanical performance because of the nature of the process to form the object in a layer-by-layer manner. The mechanical properties of the FFF-printed object are largely influenced by the selection of the build parameters. Hence, in this study, the impact strength of the FFF fabricated PLA has been evaluated as a function of three build variables viz. raster angle, layer height, and raster width. The impact test specimen was fabricated at varying build conditions and tested as per the ASTM D256 standard. Results showed that the raster angle was found to be the most significant build parameter that affects the impact strength of a printed specimen. The higher impact strength was achieved at 0° raster angle with 300 µm layer height and 700 µm raster width. However, the results obtained may be effective only within the limit of parameters and ranges tested in this work. Furthermore, SEM analysis of fracture surface reveals that failure mode is influenced mainly by the raster angle. Apart from that, voids have also been displayed on the fractured surface that may act as stress concentration and reduce the strength. Keywords Fused filament fabrication (FFF) · Polylactic acid (PLA) · Impact strength · Raster angle · Layer height · Raster width
1 Introduction Additive manufacturing (AM) is recognized as an emerging technology that has the potential to revolutionize the way parts manufactured. AM enables direct manufacturing via tool-less manufacturing and reduction of product development cost and material wastage, as well as enhance future profitability [1]. Material extrusion is an AM technique that uses a continuous filament of thermopolymer to print the 3D component. Material extrusion was developed and patented by the Scott Crump and introduced to the market as fused deposition modeling (FDM). Stratasys Inc. trademarks the term fused deposition modelling and its abbreviation FDM, a * Harshit K. Dave [email protected] Shilpesh R. Rajpurohit [email protected] 1
Department of Mechanical Engineering, S V National Institute of Technology, Surat, Gujarat 395 007, India
company co-founded by Scott Crump. With the expiration of the essential patents, there is an extensive open source development of material extrusion technology embraced by the RepRap community, giving rise to fused filament fabrication (FFF). Fused filament fabrication (FFF) is a widely adapted AM technique because of low equipment prices, a wide range of available material, a considerable variety
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