Impacts of typical rainfall processes on nitrogen in typical rainfield of black soil region in Northeast China
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Impacts of typical rainfall processes on nitrogen in typical rainfield of black soil region in Northeast China Cailian Hao & Denghua Yan & Weihua Xiao & Min Shi & Dawei He & Zhaoxia Sun
Received: 7 August 2014 / Accepted: 4 November 2014 # Saudi Society for Geosciences 2014
Abstract In recent years, non-point source (NPS) pollution has become the main contributor to water quality problems. Research on nitrogen (N) losses from farmland and the factors that influence these losses are very meaningful both in terms of increasing the crop yield and for improving environmental water quality. Hydrological processes are the vector of NPS pollution processes. In this study, 15 different natural rainfalls in the northeast area were monitored to analyze the lost characteristics of nitrogen under different rainfall conditions and the field management measures from July to August of 2013. The results show that total N (TN) content in the rainfalls of 2013 in the drainage area of the Runjin River is 0.18–4.89 mg/L. Judging from the mean flow output of
C. Hao (*) Environmental Science and Engineering Department, Donghua University, 201620 Shanghai, People’s Republic of China e-mail: [email protected] C. Hao : D. Yan : W. Xiao : M. Shi : D. He Water Resources Department, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, 100038 Beijing, People’s Republic of China C. Hao : D. Yan : W. Xiao : M. Shi : D. He Engineering and Technology Research Center for Water resources and Hydroecology of the Ministry of Water Resources, 100044 Beijing, People’s Republic of China M. Shi College of Environmental, Beijing Forest University, 100083 Beijing, People’s Republic of China D. He North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, 450011 Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China Z. Sun School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Room 901, Building SIEEB, 100084 Beijing, China
various runoff zones in each rainfall, transverse tilling mode (TTT) < ecological recovery mode (VVR) < no-tillage mode (TNT) < reduced tillage system (TRT) < traditional tilling type (TCT) < bare land (VB). Judging from the mean sand output of various runoff zones in each rainfall, ecological recovery mode (VVR) < no-tillage mode (TNT) < traditional tilling type (TCT) < reduced tillage system (TRT) < traditional tilling type (TCT) < bare land (VB). Moreover, various experimental zones with different tilling systems are distinctively different in the concentration of losses of water-soluble nitrogen and particulate nitrogen and the loss of water-soluble nitrogen and particulate nitrogen per unit area. In the study area, particulate nitrogen carried by runoff sands was the primary forms of nitrogen losses under typical rainfall conditions. The four rainfalls have caused the downward eluviation of nitrogen along the depth of soils to different extents. Keywords Typical rainfall processes . Field experiments . Nitrogen . The northeast area . Natural rainfalls
Introduction Accompanied by the acceleration of industrialization and urbani
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