Implant and Peri-implant Tissue Maintenance: Protocols to Prevent Peri-implantitis
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CLINICAL PERIODONTICS (P STATHOPOULOU, SECTION EDITOR)
Implant and Peri-implant Tissue Maintenance: Protocols to Prevent Peri-implantitis Sophie Bernard 1
&
Elli Anna Kotsailidi 1
&
Konstantinos Chochlidakis 2 & Carlo Ercoli 2 & Alexandra Tsigarida 1
# Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Purpose of Review In the absence of prevention protocols, early diagnosis and predictable treatment options for peri-implant diseases, the long-term survival of dental implants may be compromised. The purpose of the present review is to outline risk factors/indicators for peri-implantitis and propose current protocols (2015–present) for their control and disease prevention. Recent Findings Recent evidence suggests that factors including use of proton-pump and selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors, titanium-particle release, disruption of the implant-abutment connection, and prosthesis material/dimensions may increase periimplantitis prevalence. Although the literature is still scarce, identifying these factors and developing appropriate maintenance protocols is imperative to prevent disease development. Summary Peri-implantitis can be influenced by several risk factors/indicators that can be classified as patient related, clinical, and/or implant related. To facilitate the individualized patient risk profile assessment and guide clinical decisions, this review describes the impact of identified risk factors/indicators on peri-implant health and proposes preventive protocols based on the latest evidence. Keywords (MeSH) . Dental implants . Peri-implant mucositis . Peri-implantitis . Disease prevention . Maintenance
Introduction Dental implants represent the treatment of choice for the rehabilitation of the partially or completely edentulous patients. This article is part of the Topical Collection on Clinical Periodontics * Alexandra Tsigarida [email protected] Sophie Bernard [email protected] Elli Anna Kotsailidi [email protected] Konstantinos Chochlidakis [email protected] Carlo Ercoli [email protected] 1
Department of Periodontology, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, 625 Elmwood Ave, Rochester, NY 14620, USA
2
Department of Prosthodontics, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, 625 Elmwood Ave, Rochester, NY 14620, USA
Due to increase in life expectancy, it is estimated that senior adults (≥ 65 years old) will represent nearly 20% of the total US population by 2030. Concomitantly, according to NHANES, since 1999, the largest absolute increase in dental implant utilization has been observed in adults 65–74 years old, with projections expected to reach 5.7 to 17% within this population by 2026 [1]. A 10-year implant success rate of 97% has been well documented; however, several biologic complications, such as periimplant diseases, have been reported [2]. The case definitions of peri-implant diseases were recently updated [3, 4•]. Peri-implant mucositis is defined as an inflammatory
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