Implementation of High-Efficiency and Ultra-Low-Power Transceiver for the Design of Body Channel Communication Applicati
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Implementation of High-Efficiency and Ultra-Low-Power Transceiver for the Design of Body Channel Communication Applications Vitawat Sittakul1 · S. Vijayalakshmi2 · V. Nagarajan3 · K. Sakthidasan Sankaran4 · Sakthivel Sankaran5 Received: 28 December 2018 / Revised: 29 April 2020 / Accepted: 4 May 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Body channel communications (BCCs) were investigated, to enhance requirements for low power and high-reconfiguration power within permitting technology of wireless measurement systems for wireless communication applications. Standard options for BCC are targeted totally toward channel modeling with a potency measuring technique, a transmission technique, and a wireless transceiver style. Wireless digital transmission designed as a personalized methodology meant for the body channel offers significantly the necessary pathway to implement versatile and low-power BCC systems. In addition to the developing level of wearable communication protocol and applications, there is also an increasing reliability on a flexible BCC transmitter which helps to reconfigure power and meet power reduction conditions. This paper proposes an ultralow-power, Hamming encoding-based, and body channel communication receiver for wireless body area network applications. Proposed BCC transmitter uses a channel of 1–100 MHz frequency to enhance the transmitter frequency and time domain properties. Hamming-based BCC transmitter makes use of a two-stage low-power analog processing circuit and digital information restoration circuit. Analog processing circuit consists of a dual op-amp adjustable preamplifier. Proposed BCC transceiver has higher data reliability because of the orthogonal characteristic of the Hamming codes. Moreover, the proposed Hamming code concatenated method strengthens the jitter tolerance and improves the code rate. Proposed BCC transceiver was verified using a field-programmable gate array board. Proposed data transceiver achieves a data speed rate of 20 Mbps. Bit error reduction values achieved were < 10−6 and < 10−5 at 60 Mbps and 100 Mbps, respectively. It uses a primary space of 0.14 mm × 0.2 mm when it is functioning below a 15 Mb/s data rate (low-power) condition. BCC transmitter utilizes the power of only 1.0 mW.
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S. Vijayalakshmi [email protected]
Extended author information available on the last page of the article
Circuits, Systems, and Signal Processing
Keywords Body channel communications (BCC) · Bit error rate (BER) · Field-programmable gate array (FPGA) · Hamming code · Preamplifier
1 Introduction The latest technical improvements in wireless body area network (WBAN) have created recognition of intelligent electronic systems, which is a combination of various inbuilt sensors and low-power transmitter circuitries. This is to be considered as a collection of propagating devices with wireless medical systems, automatic devices, ecological parameters measuring systems, and telemetry analysis systems [1–5]. Those schemes will need
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