In Winter Wheat ( Triticum Aestivum L.), No-Till Improves Photosynthetic Nitrogen and Water-Use Efficiency
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J. Crop Sci. Biotech. 2020 (January) 23 (1) : 39 ~ 46 DOI No. 10.1007/s12892-019-0122-0 RESEARCH ARTICLE
In Winter Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.), No-Till Improves Photosynthetic Nitrogen and Water-Use Efficiency Hazzar Habbib1, Bertrand Hirel2*, Fabien Spicher1, Frédéric Dubois1, Thierry Tétu1 1
Ecologie et Dynamique des Systèmes Anthropisés (EDYSAN, UMR 7058, CNRS, UPJV), Laboratoire d’Agroécologie, Ecophysiologie et Biologie intégrative, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, 33 rue St Leu, 80039 Amiens, Cedex, France 2 Adaptation des Plantes à leur Environnement, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1318, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRA, Centre de Versailles-Grignon, R.D. 10, F-78026 Versailles Cedex, France Received: April 26, 2019 / Revised: May 27, 2019 / Accepted: May 29, 2019 Ⓒ Korean Society of Crop Science and Springer 2020
Abstract To evaluate the combined effect of different agricultural practices on photosynthetic nitrogen and water-use efficiency, winter wheat was grown in the field under tillage and no-till conditions, with and without cover crops under low and high nitrogen fertilization inputs. Leaf physiological traits, such as the rate of photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, the rate of transpiration, the chlorophyll content index, the leaf area ratio, and specific leaf area were used as indicators representative of nitrogen and water-use efficiency. Six years after conversion to no-till, in the presence and in the absence of cover crops, significant increases in photosynthetic water-use efficiency and soil water content were observed both under low and high nitrogen fertilization input. Moreover, we observed that photosynthetic nitrogen-use efficiency, the rate of photosynthesis and specific leaf area were higher in the absence of tilling than in the presence of tilling. Thus, agronomic practices based on continuous no-till appear to be promising for increasing both photosynthetic nitrogen- and water-use efficiency in winter wheat. Key words : Cover crops, nitrogen, no-till, photosynthesis, water, winter wheat
Introduction Crop productivity is mainly determined by both the availability and the efficient utilization of limiting soil resources such as water and nitrogen (N) (Cossani et al. 2012). Photosynthetic nitrogen-use efficiency (PNUE) and photosynthetic water-use efficiency (PWUE) are two key agronomic traits that are commonly used to estimate the efficiency with which these two resources are used to ensure optimal plant growth and development (Blankenagel et al. 2018; Castellanos et al. 2005; Guo et al. 2016). PNUE is defined as the ratio of photosynthesis rate to leaf N (Anand et al. 2007). Thus, a high plant growth rate is generally associated with a high PNUE (Dinh et al. 2017; Hikosaka 2004). Leaf water-use efficiency (WUE), defined as the ratio of carbon (C) assimilation to water consumption, is one of the Bertrand Hirel () Email: [email protected]
The Korean Society of Crop Science
parameters commonly used to estimate plant water-use efficiency during its developmental cycle (Flexas
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