Increase in Silicate Fertilization Improves the Biomass of Drought-Tolerant Contrasting Cultivars Without Prejudicial ef
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Increase in Silicate Fertilization Improves the Biomass of Drought-Tolerant Contrasting Cultivars Without Prejudicial effects in Nutrient Uptake in Sugarcane Mônica Sartori de Camargo 1 Marcelo Almeida Silva 4
&
Natália Ganzaroli Bozza 2 & Hamilton Seron Pereira 3 & Vicente Mota Silva 4 &
Received: 26 March 2020 / Accepted: 13 July 2020 # Sociedad Chilena de la Ciencia del Suelo 2020
Abstract Studies are still scarce about silicate fertilization as a silicon (Si) supply to drought-tolerant contrasting sugarcane cultivars. The objective was determined whether the increase of Si rates up to 1000 kg ha−1 Si improves the Si in soil, Si uptake, and biomass of aerial part and root system of sugarcane without prejudicial effects in chemical attributes of soil and in nutrients absorption and whether Si concentration and biomass of drought-sensitive are increased similar to that of drought-tolerant sugarcane cultivar in the function of Si rates. An experiment was conducted in randomized blocks with cultivars (RB86-7515 = drought-tolerant; RB85-5536 = and drought-sensitive) and Si rates (0, 250, 500, 750, and 1000 kg ha−1 Si) using silicate in sandy soil. Fertilization increased Si contents in soil, Si contents and biomass of straw and stalks, Si in green leaves, and biomass of roots, independent of cultivars. The Si rates improved also the Ca in green leaves and Mn in straw, but reduced Ca and Mg in the soil and Mg concentration in the straw. Lower biomass and higher Si concentration were found in RB85-5536, and it was also true in RB867515 for the roots. Fertilization with Si rates up to 1000 kg ha−1 Si as silicate in sandy soil was not excessive, increasing Si availability, Si uptake in straw, green leaves, and stalks, and aerial part and root biomass, independently of cultivar without prejudicial effects in chemical attributes of soil and nutrient uptake in sugarcane. Keywords Silicon . Saccharum spp. . Beneficial element . Plant nutrition
1 Introduction Silicon (Si) fertilization has demonstrated several benefits, such as increases in yield (Berthelsen et al. 2003; Camargo et al. 2014) and decreases in the effects of biotic (Camargo et al. 2020; Keeping et al. 2013) and abiotic stresses (Camargo
* Mônica Sartori de Camargo [email protected] 1
Pólo Centro Sul, Agência Paulista de Tecnologia dos Agronegócios (APTA), Piracicaba 13412-050, Brazil
2
Faculdade de Tecnologia de Piracicaba, Piracicaba 13414-141, Brazil
3
Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia 38400-902, Brazil
4
Departamento de Produção e Melhoramento Vegetal, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Universidade do Estado de São Paulo (UNESP), Botucatu 18610-034, Brazil
et al. 2017; Teixeira et al. 2020) in sugarcane (Saccharum spp.). This crop is planted in many types of soil, including sandy soils, which contain a low Si content available to plants. As sugarcane plantations remain in the same areas over the years and absorb high quantities of Si in each cycle (Epstein 2009), Si contents can
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