Organic Fertilization Improves the Availability and Adsorptive Capacity of Phosphorus in Saline-Alkaline Soils
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Organic Fertilization Improves the Availability and Adsorptive Capacity of Phosphorus in Saline-Alkaline Soils Chen Mengmeng 1 & Zhang Shirong 1 & Wu Lipeng 1 & Fei Chao 1 & Ding Xiaodong 1 Received: 26 July 2020 / Accepted: 4 November 2020 # Sociedad Chilena de la Ciencia del Suelo 2020
Abstract Organic fertilizer could improve soil phosphorus (P) availability and retention capacity, and the intensive management of P nutrition in saline alkaline paddy soil is of great significance to the sustainable development of rice planting. The P fractions and adsorption-desorption characteristic in saline-alkaline soils were evaluated in a 5-year field experiment. Four treatments were designed: (1) NK (255 kg N ha−1 year−1 and 229 kg K ha−1 year−1), (2) NPK (128 kg P2O5 ha−1 year−1 plus NK), (3) NPKC1 (450 kg C ha−1 year−1 plus NPK), and (4) NPKC2 (900 kg C ha−1 year−1 plus NPK). The results showed that, compared with NPK treatment, soil available P (AP) concentration was significantly increased in NPKC1 and NPKC2 treatments. Especially, soil NaHCO3-Pi concentration was increased by 112.4% and 94.6% in NPKC1 and NPKC2 treatments, respectively. And soil organic carbon (SOC) showed similar trend. However, soil pH and electrical conductivity (EC) were decreased in two organic fertilization treatments. The isothermal adsorption experiment showed that the Xm values of all treatments were in the order of NPKC1 > NPKC2 > NK > NPK. Correlation analysis showed that Xm was positively correlated with SOC and negatively correlated with soil pH. Under the same initial P concentration, the desorption rates in NPKC1 treatment was the lowest, which indicated that low organic fertilizer was more conducive to the soil P retention capacity. Therefore, organic fertilizer application could increase soil P availability and retention capacity, and lower organic fertilizer addition (NPKC1) was better to improve soil P availability and retention capacity in saline-alkaline soils. Keywords Saline-alkaline soils . P fractions . Organic fertilizer . Adsorption-desorption . P sorption capacity
1 Introduction Phosphorus (P) plays a crucial role in agricultural production systems (Wei et al. 2017). To ensure high crop yield, large amounts of P fertilizer have been applied to soil (Xin et al. 2017). However excessive P fertilizer addition not only improve the availability of P, but also increase the risk of groundwater pollution in China (Hua et al. 2016; Wu et al. 2020). Moreover, P leaching to water have become the key factor affecting the eutrophication of fresh water in China (Zhang et al. 2013). P leaching is significantly affected by soil P adsorption-desorption properties, and researches have shown that organic fertilizer application could significantly improve the soil P adsorption capacity (Fei et al. 2019). Application of
* Ding Xiaodong [email protected] 1
College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
organic fertilizer could also improve the soil P availability by promot
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