Increased phenolic acid and tanshinone production and transcriptional responses of biosynthetic genes in hairy root cult
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Increased phenolic acid and tanshinone production and transcriptional responses of biosynthetic genes in hairy root cultures of Salvia przewalskii Maxim. treated with methyl jasmonate and salicylic acid Jie Li1 · Bo Li2,3 · Lu Luo1 · Fulin Cao1 · Bingyue Yang1 · Jing Gao1 · Yonggang Yan1 · Gang Zhang1 · Liang Peng1 · Benxiang Hu1 Received: 27 April 2020 / Accepted: 5 October 2020 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract The purpose of this study is to reveal the impact of the plant hormone salicylic acid (SA) and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) on the growth, effective components accumulation, and related gene expression of the hairy root of Salvia przewalskii Maxim. Various concentrations of SA (0, 25, 50, 100, 200 μM) or MeJA (0, 50, 100, 200, 400, 600 μM) were added to the culture medium of Salvia przewalskii Maxim. Low concentrations of SA promoted the growth of hairy root, while a high concentration inhibited it. 0 to 400 μM MeJA promoted the growth of hairy root, but 600 μM MeJA starts to inhibit its growth. 50 μM SA and 400 μM MeJA significantly enhanced the production of caffeic acid, rosmarinic acid, salvianolic acid B, cryptotanshinone, and tanshinone IIA. In general, 50 μM SA can be used to accumulate of tanshinone in hairy roots of S. przewalskii with 6 days. 400 μM MeJA can be used to accumulate of phenolic acids in hairy roots of S. przewalskii with 3 days. The selected genes in the tanshinone and phenolic acid biosynthetic pathway were upregulated with elicitation. To obtain a higher yield and content of secondary metabolites, it is advisable to use 50 μM SA or 400 μM MeJA as the optimal doses to cultivate the hairy root of S. przewalskii. This study provides, for the first time, an efficient tanshinone and phenolic acid production method for S. przewalskii. Keyword Salvia przewalskii maxim · Methyl jasmonate · Salicylic acid · Phenolic acid · Tanshinone · Gene expression Abbreviations SA Salicylic acid MeJA Methyl jasmonate FW Fresh weight
Jie Li and Bo Li contributed equally to this work. * Liang Peng [email protected] * Benxiang Hu [email protected] 1
Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China
2
Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712083, China
3
State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Xianyang 712083, China
DW Dry weight PAL Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase TAT Tyrosine aminotransferase HPPR 4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate reductase 4CL1 4-Coumaric acid CoA-ligase 1 RAS Rosmarinic acid synthase CYP98A14 Acytochrome P450-dependent monooxygenase HMGR 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA reductase DXR 1-Deoxy-d-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase DXS 1-Deoxy-d-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase IPPI Isopentenyl-diphosphate delta-isomerase GGPPS Geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase CPS Copalyl diphosphate synthase KSL Entkaurene synthase like qRT-PCR Real-time quantitative PCR
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