Indexing the engineering properties of residual soils in the southern slopes of Mashhad, NE Iran
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http://jms.imde.ac.cn https://doi.org/10.1007/s11629-019-5770-7
Indexing the engineering properties of residual soils in the southern slopes of Mashhad, NE Iran Saeedeh HOSSEINI1*
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4783-7743;
Gholam Reza LASHKARIPOUR2 Naser HAFEZI MOGHADDAS2 Mohammad GHAFOORI2
e-mail: [email protected]
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8267-4866; e-mail: [email protected] https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0429-0274; e-mail: [email protected]
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3650-9680; e-mail: [email protected]
*Corresponding author 1 Department of Geology, Payame Noor University, Po Box 19395-3697, Tehran, Iran 2 Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran Citation: Hosseini S, Lashkaripour GR, Hafezi Moghaddas N, Ghafoori M (2020) Indexing the engineering properties of residual soils in the southern slopes of Mashhad, NE Iran. Journal of Mountain Science 17(9). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11629-019-5770-7
© Science Press, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, CAS and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract: Residual soils are weathering products of rocks that are commonly found under unsaturated conditions. The properties of residual soils are a function of the degree of weathering. A series of index properties, engineering properties and geophysics survey examinations were performed on residual soils from two major geological formations in Iran. In the present research, the index properties of residual soils in the south of Mashhad city in Iran are investigated. Natural and artificial trenches were analyzed for evaluating the weathering profiles and collecting soil samples. Disturbed and undisturbed samples were obtained from each of the soil profile horizons resulting from weathering of different parent rocks. Subsequently, physical properties and mechanical properties of the soil samples were determined in accordance with ASTM standards. Also, the mineralogical composition, chemistry, and texture of the soil were evaluated in 51 profiles. The field observations showed the difference in the weathering profile of residual soils deposited on various rocks (igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic). These profiles mainly consisted of two horizons including Received: 04-Sep-2019 1st Revision: 24-Dec-2019 2nd Revision: 21-Apr-2020 Accepted: 04-Jun-2020
residual soil on top and saprolite at the bottom. The results of laboratory tests and geotechnical data showed that the properties of residual soil samples change by depth. Moreover, depending on the type of origin rock, the properties are different in various types of residual soils. In most of the samples, the moisture content of soil horizons was also increased by depth. Based on the unified soil classification (USCS), the soils of the upper horizons appeared to be classified as ML (Lean silt) and CL (Lean clay) while the soils of the lower horizons (saprolite zone) fall in SC (clayey sand), SM (silty sand), and SW (wellgraded sand) classes. Moreover,
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