Infections in Hematology

Infections are among the most frequent complications in patients with hematological malignancies and in those undergoing high-dose chemotherapy and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. A profound knowledge on the epidemiology, diagnostic ap

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Infections in Hematology

Georg Maschmeyer • Kenneth V.I. Rolston Editors

Infections in Hematology

Editors Georg Maschmeyer Department of Hematology Oncology and Palliative Care Klinikum Ernst von Bergmann Potsdam Germany

Kenneth V.I. Rolston Department of Infectious Diseases Infection Control and Employee Health The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center Houston, TX USA

ISBN 978-3-662-43999-9 ISBN 978-3-662-44000-1 DOI 10.1007/978-3-662-44000-1 Springer Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London

(eBook)

Library of Congress Control Number: 2014956548 © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2015 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher's location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations are liable to prosecution under the respective Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)

Introduction

Despite substantial advances in supportive care, infections remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with hematologic malignancies and in hematopoietic stem cell transplant(HSCT) recipients. The etiology of infection in this patient population continues to evolve, especially with the development of new immunomodulatory therapies, which produce profound and prolonged immunosuppression and are associated with a wide array of pathogens. The widespread use of antimicrobial therapy for various indications (prophylaxis, empiric and/or preemptive therapy, specific or targeted therapy,