Influence of Ca 2+ Ion Substitution on Structural, Morphological, Optical, Thermal and Magnetic Behaviour of Mg 1-x Ca x
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Influence of Ca2+ Ion Substitution on Structural, Morphological, Optical, Thermal and Magnetic Behaviour of Mg1-xCaxFe2O4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5) Spinel S. Baskar 1 & S. Yuvaraj 2 & M. Sundararajan 1
&
Chandra Sekhar Dash 3
Received: 30 June 2020 / Accepted: 1 September 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The microwave combustion process (MCP) is used to synthesize Mg1-xCaxFe2O4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5) spinel nanoparticles using the fuel Larginine. Synthesized samples were examined by employing techniques such as XRD, HR-SEM, EDX, DRS-UV, TG-DTA and VSM. The XRD corroborated the constitution of the cubic spinel structure and the average crystallite size was valued to lie in the range of 16.09 to 33.10 nm. The morphology of the Mg1-xCaxFe2O4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5) spinel nanoparticles was observed by HR-SEM. EDX studies confirmed the formation of spinel ferrite structure. Further bandgap values were estimated to be in the range of 1.84 eV to 2.00 eV. TG-DTA studies confirmed weight loss and exothermic transitions. The M-H loops exhibited ferromagnetic behaviour. Keywords MgFe2O4 nanoparticles . Cubic spinel . Optical properties . Thermal properties . Ferro magnetic materials
1 Introduction Semiconductor materials have drawn profound attention in the arena of nanoscience and nanotechnology as it displays attractive electrical, optical and magnetic properties. Recently, metal oxides have been used for various applications such as high-density magnetic recording, colour imaging, high-frequency devices, microwave absorbents, high magnetic permeability sensors, resistive switching memories and high electrical resistance [1–6]. Among these metal oxides, magnesium ferrite is believed to be suitable Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10948-020-05665-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * M. Sundararajan [email protected] * Chandra Sekhar Dash [email protected] 1
PG and Research Department of Physics, Paavendhar College of Arts & Science, M. V. South, Attur, Salem, Tamilnadu 636 121, India
2
PhysicsDepartment, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu 641021, India
3
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, CenturionUniversity of Technology and Management, Bhubaneswar 752050, India
candidates for sensor applications as they exhibit attractive characteristics such as magnetic data storage, drug delivery, medical imaging and other biomedical applications [7]. The magnetic, electrical and optical properties of these materials make them suitable charge carriers and catalysts for various applications [8]. The composite oxides with cubic spinel structure formula AB2O4, where A and B represent the divalent metal ion (Mg2+), occupy the tetrahedral A site and trivalent metal ion (Fe3+) occupies the octahedral B site [9]. The synthesized Mg1-xCaxFe2O4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5) nanoparticles exhibited excellent structural, morphological, optical, thermal and magneti
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