Insights from Chloroplast DNA into the Progenitor-Derivative Relationship Between Campanula punctata and C. takesimana (
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Insights from Chloroplast DNA into the Progenitor‑Derivative Relationship Between Campanula punctata and C. takesimana (Campanulaceae) in Korea Woo Young Cheong1 · Seon‑Hee Kim1 · JiYoung Yang2 · Woong Lee2 · Jae‑Hong Pak2 · Seung‑Chul Kim1 Received: 6 May 2020 / Revised: 25 August 2020 / Accepted: 3 September 2020 © Korean Society of Plant Biologist 2020
Abstract Of the nearly 40 endemics present on Ulleung Island, Campanula takesimana Nakai represents an anagenetically derived lineage of a continental progenitor, C. punctata Lam. Other than its low morphological divergence, little is known about the genetic diversity and population structure of the species pair or the geographical origin of C. takesimana. We sampled a total of 240 accessions in 22 populations, including one Dokdo Island population, of the two species, sequenced four noncoding chloroplast regions (rps16-trnK, trnQ-rps16, psbD-trnT, and psbM-trnD; 4482 bp), and assessed the genetic consequences of anagenetic speciation. Based on chloroplast DNA, we found substantially lower genetic diversity statistics for C. takesimana compared to its progenitor, significant population genetic structuring in insular derivative species, and significant molecular divergence between C. punctata and C. takesimana. Mutually exclusive haplotypes were found in the two species, and the haplotype network suggested that Ulleung Island haplotypes were derived from the Dokdo Island haplotype, which was originally derived from a C. punctata population in Bonghwa-gun, Gyeongsangbuk-do Province. This study pinpoints a very narrow geographical source area and suggests the potentially important role of Dokdo Island as an initial stepping stone for Ulleung Island endemics. Keywords Anagenesis · Campanula · Campanulaceae · Dokdo island · Stepping-stone island · Ulleung island
Introduction Two important foundations of island biogeography are the geography of cladogenesis and the drivers of anagenesis (Emerson and Patiño 2018). While cladogenetic speciation (or island biogeographic cladogenesis) refers to the origin Woo Young Cheong and Seon-Hee Kim contributed equally to this work. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s12374-020-09281-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Seung‑Chul Kim [email protected] 1
Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu‑ro, Suwon, Gyeonggi‑do 16419, South Korea
School of Life Sciences, Research Institute for Dok-Do and Ulleung-Do Island, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak‑ro, Bukgu, Daegu 41566, South Korea
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of sister species with subsequent ancestral character state changes in both derived species from an ancestral species, anagenetic speciation (or anacladogenesis) describes the origin of sister species where only one descendant species undergoes ancestral character state changes from an ancestral species (Stuessy et al. 2006; Emerson and Patiño 2018). Cladogenetic speciation is hypothesi
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