Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis of Egyptian Phosphate Samples and Adsorption Studies of Their Elemental Content
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nstrumental Neutron Activation Analysis of Egyptian Phosphate Samples and Adsorption Studies of Their Elemental Contents F. H. El-Sweifya,*, A. A. Abdel-Fattaha, M. A. Ghamrya, S. M. Alya, and M. F. El-Shahatb a
Nuclear Chemistry Department, Radioisotopes Production and Radiation Sources Division, Hot Laboratories Center, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, 13759 Egypt b Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566 Egypt *e-mail: [email protected] Received September 29, 2019; revised November 28, 2019; accepted December 5, 2019
Abstract—Samples of Egyptian phosphate ore obtained from Om Salmah mine at El-Sibaiya, Nile valley, were analyzed for some lanthanides and concomitant elements by instrumental neutron activation analysis. The use of a high-resolution HPGe detector connected to a PC-based multichannel analyzer enabled simultaneous nondestructive multielement analysis in a single irradiation run with good accuracy. The following elements were determined after relatively short cooling time (5 days): lanthanides (La, Ce, Eu, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Yb), concomitant elements (Ba, Br, Ca, Co, Cr, Fe, Hf, Na, Rb, Sb, Sc, Se, Sr, Zn, Zr), and actinides (Th, U). After longer cooling time, the following elements were determined: La, Ce, Nd, Eu, Gd, Tb, Yb, and the concomitant elements: Cr, Fe, Hf, Nb, Sc, Th, Co, Zn, and Zr. Adsorption experiments were performed on synthesized inorganic ion exchangers: zirconium titanium phosphate (ZTP) with different Zr : Ti molar ratios and ceric tungstate (CeW), as well as on organic cation and anion exchangers: Dowex-50×8 and Dowex-1×8, respectively. The adsorption was performed from solutions containing dilute HCl and HNO3, formed by dissolving the irradiated phosphate samples in aqua regia, diluting, and cooling for a certain time. The effect of some factors on the adsorption was studied. Some options for separating the elements were suggested. Keywords: lanthanides, phosphate, instrumental neutron activation analysis, adsorption, inorganic and organic ion exchangers, separation DOI: 10.1134/S1066362220050112
INTRODUCTION
in bastnaesite [1]. These ores contain also some other concomitant elements. Special techniques are usually used for analysis of these ores. Instrumental neutron activation analysis (INNA) is a suitable technique for nondestructive analysis of such samples of different and complicated chemical compositions. Various materials for different purposes have been analyzed for the REE content: beach rock samples [2] and some samples of Egyptian monazite [3] and granite [4]. This technique was also used in analysis of some phosphate ore samples to determine the radioactive elements U and Th [5], the distribution patterns of REEs in surface marine sediments [6], and some REEs in phosphorite and granulated single superphosphate
Recently the rare earth elements (REEs) (yttrium, lanthanum, and lanthanides) acquired increasing importance because of their various applications in many fields, such as nuclear technology, lasers, electronics, and productio
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