Quantification of minor and trace elements in raw and branded turmeric samples using Instrumental Neutron Activation Ana
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Quantification of minor and trace elements in raw and branded turmeric samples using Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis utilizing Apsara-U reactor for possible applications to forensic science Arpita Datta1 · A. N. Garg1 · V. Sharma2 · R. Acharya2,3 Received: 3 May 2020 © Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, Hungary 2020
Abstract Turmeric is widely known for its spice and medicinal values. It was of interest to study both raw and market available branded turmeric samples for minor and trace elemental contents, which can be used for possible forensic applications. Four raw turmeric samples and six branded turmeric samples from local market of India were analyzed by Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis using upgraded Apasara research reactor. A total of thirteen minor and trace elements including chromium were determined. Determined concentration ranges of raw and branded turmeric samples and calculated daily dietary intake values were compared with the WHO/FAO safe limit values. Keywords Raw turmeric · Branded turmeric powder · Minor and trace elements · INAA · DDI · Forensic science
Introduction Turmeric (botanical name Curcuma longa) is widely known for its kitchen spice value as well as its medicinal uses [1]. Turmeric (called as Haldi in India) is also known as a golden spice for ancient ages in India. It contains an important bioactive compound called curcumin, which has both anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial properties [2, 3]. To regulate the food market and check on adulteration, Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) [4] has set up regulation under food safety and standards that turmeric as a whole or powder, shall be free from mustiness or other foreign odors [4]. The turmeric products should be free from mold, living and dead insects, insect fragments, rodent contamination and any added coloring matter including lead chromate (both Pb and Cr as toxic elements) and foreign starch [4]. The turmeric powder sold in market in packed * Arpita Datta [email protected] 1
Amity Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201313, India
2
Radiochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400 085, India
3
Department of Atomic Energy, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400094, India
condition from different brands, should maintain the quality of turmeric in terms mineral contents present in minor and trace concentration levels. Food quality/food forensic indicates the possibility of verification of authenticity of the food products by determination of variables, e.g., trace elements or molecular ionic fragments [5, 6]. With growing population and increasing cost, many unscrupulous ingredients are being added in food stuffs. Important and common food items which are subjected to fraud are spices, vegetables, fruits, beverages and wines, cooking oil, meat, fish etc. Trace elements are considered as suitable territory markers for geographic classification of the food products and also providing information related to the geoc
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