Integrated Science New Approaches to Education
With the global challenges that face us and our environment, there is a growing sense among leaders in science, public policy, business, and education that we need new, more integrative approaches to science. In turn, these interdisciplinary and mul
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Michael E. Brint · David J. Marcey Michael C. Shaw Editors
Integrated Science New Approaches to Education A Virtual Roundtable Discussion
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Editors Michael E. Brint Uyeno-Tseng Professor of International Studies and Professor of Political Science California Lutheran University Thousand Oaks, CA, USA [email protected]
David J. Marcey Fletcher Jones Professor of Developmental Biology California Lutheran University Thousand Oaks, CA, USA [email protected]
Michael C. Shaw Professor of Physics and Bioengineering California Lutheran University Thousand Oaks, CA, USA [email protected]
ISBN: 978-0-387-84852-5 DOI 10.1007/978-0-387-84853-2
e-ISBN: 978-0-387-84853-2
Library of Congress Control Number: 2008937210 c Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2009 All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. Printed on acid-free paper springer.com
Preface
“Every now and then I receive visits from earnest men and women armed with questionnaires and tape recorders who want to find out what made the Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Cambridge . . .so remarkably creative. They . . .seek their Holy Grail in interdisciplinary organization. I feel tempted to draw their attention to 15th century Florence with a population of less than 50,000, from which emerged Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, Raphael, Ghiberti, Brunelleschi, Alberti, and other great artists. Had my questioners investigated whether the rulers of Florence had created an interdisciplinary organization of painters, sculptors, architects, and poets to bring to life this flowering of great art? Or had they found out how the 19th century municipality of Paris had planned Impressionism, so as to produce Renoir, Cezanne, Monet, Manet, Toulouse-Lautrec, and Seurat? My questions are not as absurd as they seem, because creativity in science, as in the arts, cannot be organized. It arises spontaneously from individual talent. Well-run laboratories can foster it, but hierarchical organization, inflexible bureaucratic rules and mountains of futile paperwork can kill it. Discoveries cannot be planned; they pop up, like Puck, in unexpected corners.” — Max Perutz, in I Wish I’d Made You Angrier Earlier (1998) The seminal discovery of Max Perutz, a method for phasing the X-ray diffractions from a protein crystal, provided the means for the calculation of atomic structures of macromolecules. This remains o
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