Intercalation and release of an anti-inflammatory drug into designed three-dimensionally layered double hydroxide nanost
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Intercalation and release of an anti‑inflammatory drug into designed three‑dimensionally layered double hydroxide nanostructure via calcination–reconstruction route Elham Mansouri1 · Vahideh Tarhriz1 · Vahid Yousefi1 · Azita Dilmaghani2,3 Received: 3 March 2019 / Revised: 6 August 2019 / Accepted: 7 March 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Synthesis and application of layered nanomaterials are known as emerging field in nanotechnology. Inorganic layered nanomaterials with nanometer scale, high aspect ratios, and large-surface area generate various scientific and technological interests in several potential areas of application such as separation technology, medical sciences, chromatography drug delivery, and catalysis. In this research, naproxen was opted as a unique model of the drug to intercalate into three-dimensional layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanostructures by calcination–reconstruction method. The designed-naproxen nanostructures were synthesized and used as novel drug nanocarriers. The synthesized nanomaterial characteristics were confirmed by FTIR, XRD, and SEM. The results of antibacterial activity indicated that homemade nanostructure can inhibit bacterial growth. Furthermore, MTT assay analysis showed that synthesized-nanostructure in physiological concentration has not cytotoxicity on C2C12 myoblast cells in vitro. Subsequent to intercalation with naproxen according to calcination–reconstruction method, the basal spacing of LDH increased to 2.62 nm from primary 0.77 nm in diameter, which confirms successful intercalation of naproxen into inserted layer of LDH by bridging interaction. Also, in-vitro drug release tests in PBS (pH 7.4) showed constant release profile for naproxen. Consequently, due to the facile and low-cost fabrication of three-dimensional LDH nanostructure, it can be considered as a potential alternative for traditional and high cost drug delivery. Keywords Designed nanostructure · Layered double hydroxide · Naproxen · Nanocarrier · Anti-inflammatory
1 Introduction Synthesis and application of layered nanomaterials are rapidly growing in the field of nanotechnology. Inorganic layered nanomaterials are introduced as various scientific and technological attachments in many potential areas of application such as separation technology, medical sciences, Elham Mansouri and Vahideh Tarhriz contributed equally to this work and should be considered as co-first authors. * Azita Dilmaghani [email protected] 1
Molecular Medicine Research Center, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
2
Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
3
Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
chromatography drug delivery, and catalysis with specific features like nanometer-sized, high aspect ratios, and largesurface area (Bonina et al. 2007; Chen et al. 2013; Choy et al. 2004; Du et al. 2009; Evans
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