Intersecting Dimensions of Cognitive and Neuropsychiatric Symptoms: Embarking on a New Era of Clinical Neuropsychologica
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EDITORIAL
Intersecting Dimensions of Cognitive and Neuropsychiatric Symptoms: Embarking on a New Era of Clinical Neuropsychological Research Vonetta M. Dotson 1,2 & Shawn M. McClintock 3,4
# Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
A new era of scientific exploration has arrived in the neuropsychiatric arena, one in which the clinical neuropsychological community is well poised to ensure optimistic and promising outcomes (Parsons and Duffield, 2019). Driven by a need to better inform neuropsychiatric diagnoses and treatment development (Sansilow, Ferrante, Pacheco, Rudorfer and Morris, 2019), this new era was born out of the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) Framework (Cuthbert and Insel, 2013; Cuthbert, 2020). The NIMH RDoC framework is a research classification system that seeks to integrate multiple units of analyses (e.g., behavioral outcomes, neuroimaging data, genetic information) to inform the understanding of underlying neural systems responsible for behavior. With the rich history of uncovering and establishing brain and behavior relationships, clinical neuropsychology can make substantial contributions to this new era of neuropsychiatric classification and treatment development (Parsons & Duffield, 2019). Most, if not all, neuropsychiatric diagnoses are comprised of multiple heterogenous symptoms, which unfortunately diminishes diagnostic classification accuracy and ultimately limits effective therapeutics. Major depressive disorder is commonly highlighted as one such example of a heterogenous
* Vonetta M. Dotson [email protected] 1
Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, P.O. Box 5010, Atlanta, GA 30302-5010, USA
2
Gerontology Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
3
Division of Psychology, Department of Psychiatry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
4
Division of Brain Stimulation and Neurophysiology, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
diagnosis (Ballard et al., 2018), though it is not alone. Indeed, other neuropsychiatric illnesses such as bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, Parkinson disease, and Alzheimer disease can be parsed into discrete symptomatological domains including mood, motor, and cognitive symptoms (Habes et al., 2020; Schrag et al., 2019; Tamminga et al., 2014). With expertise that spans multiple units of analysis to integrate including behavioral observations, neurocognitive metrics, neuroimaging and neurophysiology data, and genetic variables, clinical neuropsychologists and the clinical neuropsychological field can play meaningful roles in furthering our understanding of these symptomatological domains and their intersectionality. The articles in this special issue of Neuropsychology Review exemplify this new era of research as they highlight studies that apply neurocognitive scientific approaches to advance the understanding of brain and behavior relationship through the multidimensional spectrum of neur
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