Investigation of the Corrosion-Resistant Properties of Citrus Aurantium Essential Oil in 1 M HCl
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INVESTIGATION OF THE CORROSION-RESISTANT PROPERTIES OF CITRUS AURANTIUM ESSENTIAL OIL IN 1 M HCl H. Bendaha,1 H. Elmsellem,2 A. Aouniti,2 M. Mimouni,1 A. Chetouani,2,3, 4 and B. Hammouti2 The fresh peel essential oils of citrus aurantium from Eastern Morocco (Oujda) were analyzed by the gas chromatography and gas-chromatography–mass-spectrometry. The analyzed essential oil mainly consists of monoterpene hydrocarbons (54.38%) with limonene (52.67%) as the major constituent. The effect of addition of citrus aurantium essential oil on the corrosion of steel in a 1 M HCl solution was studied by the weight-loss measurements, potentiodynamic polarization, and the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements. The inhibition efficiency was found to increase with the inhibitor content to attain 95% (for 5 g/liter). The data obtained from the EIS studies were analyzed to determine the model inhibition process by using the appropriate equivalent circuit models. The inhibition efficiencies obtained by different methods are in good agreement. It was discovered that the adsorption of natural products on the steel surface obeys the Langmuir’s adsorption isotherm. Keywords: mild steel, citrus aurantium, oil, HCl, corrosion, green inhibitor, gas-chromatography–massspectrometry.
The corrosion of materials is a natural phenomenon that causes problems mainly for the industry because it is responsible for the total loss of millions of dollars in many industries [1]. The addition of organic inhibitors is one of the methods used to reduce the rate of metal corrosion [2–4]. These materials usually contain polar functionality with nitrogen, oxygen, and/or sulfur in a conjugated system [5–8]. These functions cause adsorption on the interface with the metal according to their nature and charge [9–11]. However, in the last two decades, the studies are directed toward the application of nontoxic inhibitors called ecological or green inhibitors. The natural plants from extracts, oils, or pure compounds can play a major role in protecting the environment. Green inhibitors are biodegradable and not toxic [12–15]. The successful application of natural substances as corrosion inhibitors for metals in acid and alkaline environments has been of significant interest for some scientists [16–18]. In the present work, we study the efficiency of the essential oil extracted from the fresh peel of sour orange as a corrosion inhibitor for steel in a molar HCl medium. Generally speaking, sour orange fruits [scientifically called Citrus Aurantium (Citrus genus of the Rutaceae family)] [19] are used as desserts, in the juice production, and jam. The food processing and agro-industrial food production give significant amounts of waste or byproducts such as peels, seeds, and pulp which constitute 50% of the gross processing of valuable fruits. These by-products are considered as a valuable source of functional ingredients such as flavonoids, fibers, and essential oils [20]. Indeed, the essential oil is regarded as the product of the largest citrus aur
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