Investigation on formability improvement in laser shock hydroforming
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Investigation on formability improvement in laser shock hydroforming Yanchen He 1 & Jinxi Gong 1 & Huixia Liu 1
&
Youjuan Ma 1 & Jiaxin Lu 1 & Xiao Wang 1
Received: 19 May 2020 / Accepted: 4 November 2020 # Springer-Verlag France SAS, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Laser shock hydroforming is a novel microforming method that adopts laser energy as the driving force and liquid as the medium to transmit pressure. The method combines the advantages of laser shock forming and micro hydroforming. Previous research has demonstrated that this method can deform thin sheets into complex shapes at high strain rates. We know that the formability of materials is improved at high strain rates, but experimental analysis on this method alone cannot examine the deformation process. Therefore, this study first conducted free- and die-forming experiments of laser shock hydroforming to characterise the features of the deformation process and understand the factors that may contribute formability enhancement. Experimental results were discussed to uncover the formability of thin sheets under different conditions, including the laser energy and the effect of the die. Then, a numerical model was established considering fluid–solid interaction. The deformation process, sheet velocity, contact stress and strain rate were investigated through numerical means, and these indicators explain the mechanism of formability improvement in this method. Furthermore, the numerical results indicate a positive phenomenon—pressure equalisation—which might be due to the reflection of pressure off the rigid side wall of the liquid chamber. Keywords Laser shock hydroforming . Microforming . Formability . Numerical simulation
Introduction The miniaturisation tendency of devices used in electronics, healthcare and energy generation/storage is accelerating, requiring efficient methods for manufacturing micro components in mass scale [1]. Many microforming techniques have been intensively and extensively studied, and micro sheet forming has attracted the most interest because micro sheet parts are ubiquitous in many miniature devices. The traditional die-punch method has been proven effective and productive in macroscale sheet forming, but it encounters problems when scaled down to the micro dimension. For instance, the accuracy of micro tools is difficult to ensure during fabrication, and the alignment of die and punch is another big problem due to the relatively high precision requirement, particularly in the microscale dimension. Furthermore, the wear and tear of tools
* Huixia Liu [email protected] 1
School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
can significantly increase the cost of micro sheet components, whilst reducing the precision [2, 3]. To overcome these limitations, researchers developed micro hydroforming methods based on conventional hydroforming or hydraulic forming which require only one rigid die and no alignments. Previous studies have confirmed the feasibility of micro hydroform
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