Investigation on luminescence properties using second-generation (G2) triazolyl chalcone dendrimer as stabilizing agent
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Investigation on luminescence properties using second‑generation (G2) triazolyl chalcone dendrimer as stabilizing agent in Ag@SnO2 core–shell nanoparticles R. Vanathi Vijayalakshmi1 · K. Ravichandran2 · S. Selvarani3 Received: 20 April 2020 / Accepted: 10 July 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Ag@SnO2 core–shell nanoparticles were synthesized by a simple, low-cost method using generation 1 (G1) and generation 2 (G2) triazolyl chalcone dendrimer as stabilizing agent. The structural properties were identified using X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements and transmission electron microscope images. From the XRD values obtained, the average crystallite size and lattice strain of the samples Ag@SnO2-G1 and Ag@SnO2-G2 were calculated using Scherrer formula and the results were compared with size–strain plot. The selected area electron diffraction and XRD analyses exhibited the tetragonal primitive crystal structure with dhkl = 2.3 Å, 1.6 Å and 1.2 Å. The optical properties of the sample were analysed using UV–Visible spectra and photoluminescence (PL) studies. The energy bandgap was calculated using Tau Plot and was found to be direct bandgap of 3.80 eV and 3.85 eV for G1 and G2 samples, respectively. From the PL study, it was evident that the sample Ag@SnO2-G2 emitted photons at 601 nm to the orange region of the visible spectrum confirming a remarkable shift in the wavelength of photonic emission when compared to that of zeroth-generation stabilizer in Ag@SnO2 core–shell nanoparticles. The major shift in the photonic emission exhibits the impact of second-generation dendrimer (G2) on the luminescence property of the synthesized sample and promises favourable results in optoelectronic and photocatalytic applications.
1 Introduction Dendrimers [1–3] are complex macromolecules with well established and highly reported applications in biology, catalysis, nanoelectronics, and materials science [4–6]. Dendrimers have similar pattern and are produced in regular steps with each further step leading to the next generation of dendrimers. It has a highly branched 3-D architecture and well-defined chemical structure with interesting physical properties. Low-generation dendrimers can be functionalized by classic reactions and used as stabilizing agents, whereas high-generation or giant dendrimers can be used as
* R. Vanathi Vijayalakshmi [email protected]; [email protected] 1
Department of Physics, Queen Mary’s College, Chennai 600 004, India
2
Department of Nuclear Physics, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 025, India
3
Department of Organic Chemistry, Ayya Nadar Janaki Ammal College, Sivakasi 626 123, India
encapsulators and they require special attention due to bulk constraint at its periphery [7]. High-generation dendrimer exhibits remarkable activities when nanoparticles are incorporated inside its cavities. Core–shell nanoparticles are highly functional materials and their attractive structure leads to exte
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