Iron and society: A case study in constraints and incentives
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Iron and Society: A Case Study in Constraints and Incentives
MICHAEL TENENBAUM An a t t e m p t i s made to d e s c r i b e a p a t t e r n of r e c u r r e n t c o n s t r a i n t s , i n c e n t i v e s , and i n n o v a t i o n s that have i n f l u e n c e d the m a n n e r in which i r o n and s t e e l have e m e r g e d a s the w o r l d ' s l e a d i n g s t r u c t u r a l m a t e r i a l s . The r e c o r d , going back through the c e n t u r i e s , is one of exp a n d i n g g r o w t h t h a t has provided the m a t e r i a l s on which our p r e s e n t c i v i l i z a t i o n was b u i l t . It is a r e c o r d of a c c o m p l i s h m e n t s , s o m e of which can be r e g a r d e d with p r i d e and s o m e of which r e v e a l the f r a i l t i e s of mankind. A f t e r t r a c i n g s e l e c t e d t e c h n i c a l d e v e l o p m e n t s o v e r the a g e s , an a t t e m p t i s m a d e to d e s c r i b e s o m e of t o d a y ' s c h a ! l e n g e s . T h e s e c h a l l e n g e s a p p e a r as a h o s t of p o l i t i c a l , s o c i a l , and e c o n o m i c c o n s i d e r a t i o n s t h a t b e c o m e i n v o l v e d in a s s e s s i n g the r e a l v a l u e of m a t e r i a l s d e v e l o p m e n t s to s o c i e t y . I m p l i c i t i n t h e s e c h a l l e n g e s is the r e c o g n i t i o n that t h i s e a r t h is finite in its r e s o u r c e s and finite in its a b i l i t y to accept us. The u l t i m a t e i n c e n t i v e is the need for eq,uity and u n d e r s t a n d i n g a m o n g the people who s h a r e the w o r l d ' s finite r e sources. MICHAEL TENENBAUM has been Inland Steel Company's eleventh President since July 1971. He started his career at Inland as a metallurgist after receiving a Ph.D. in metallurgy and physical chemistry at the University of Minnesota in 1940. He served as assistant superintendent of quality control, superintendent of the metallurgical department, assistant general manager of technical services, vice president of research, and vice president of steel manufacturing. During this period, he coordinated the company's technical activities in research, quality control, production management, and sales. He has received many awards ranging from memberships in Tau Beta Pi, the honorary engineering fraternity, the Sigma Xi, the honorary research fraternity, to the National Open Hearth Committee awards in 1947 and 1948; the American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical and Petroleum Engineers (AIME) Robert W. Hunt and R. W. Raymond awards in !949; the Outstanding Achievement Award in 1967 from University of Minnesota; the AIME Howe Memorial Lectureship in 1969; the status of Fellow in AIME-TMS and the status of Fellow in the American Society for Metals, both in 1970, and the Award of Excellence from CarnegieMellon University in 1972. He was elected a member of the National Academy of Engineering in April 1974. He received the degree of Doctor of Science from Northwestern University in June 1974. In three decades with Inland, Tenenbaum has publi
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