Isolation, characterization, and ecotoxicological application of marine mammal skin fibroblast cultures
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Isolation, characterization, and ecotoxicological application of marine mammal skin fibroblast cultures Andrey V. Boroda 1 & Yulia O. Kipryushina 1 & Raisa V. Golochvastova 1 & Olga G. Shevchenko 1,2 & Mariia A. Shulgina 1 & Kseniya V. Efimova 1 & Igor O. Katin 1 & Mariia A. Maiorova 1 Received: 29 July 2020 / Accepted: 7 September 2020 / Editor: Tetsuji Okamoto # The Society for In Vitro Biology 2020
Abstract Marine mammal cell cultures are a multifunctional instrument for acquiring knowledge about life in the world’s oceans in physiological, biochemical, genetic, and ecotoxicological aspects. We succeeded in isolation, cultivation, and characterization of skin fibroblast cultures from five marine mammal species. The cells of the spotted seal (Phoca largha), the sea lion (Eumetopias jubatus), and the walrus (Odobenus rosmarus) are unpretentious to the isolation procedure. The sea otter (Enhydra lutris) fibroblasts should be isolated by trypsin disaggregation, while only mechanical disaggregation was suitable for the beluga whale (Delphinapterus leucas) cells. The cell growth parameters have been determined allowing us to find the optimal seeding density for continuous and effective cultivation. The effects of nonpathogenic algal extracts on proliferation, viability, and functional activity of marine mammal cells in vitro have been presented and discussed for the first time. Keywords Skin fibroblast culture . Marine mammals . Algal cytotoxicity . Cell culture parameters . Flow cytometry
Introduction Cell cultures from marine mammals are efficient instruments for the studies in the field of cell biology, physiology, ecology, molecular biology, and genetics. They have been used as model systems of an entire animal, organ, or tissue in ecotoxicological studies for determining risks of toxin pollutions found in the World Ocean (Carvan et al. 1995; Gauthier et al. 1998; Pfeiffer et al. 2000; Wang et al. 2001; Chen et al. 2009; Wise et al. 2015). Being top predators makes
marine mammals more susceptible to xenobiotics (hydrocarbons, organochlorine and organophosphorus derivatives, heavy metal compounds, and radionuclides), which increase in concentration with every step up the food chain (Fossi et al. 2000). Cell cultures isolated from these animals with minimal harm can be applied in assessing the influence of a wide variety and concentrations of toxins on their health. In vitro studies could also provide answers to the peculiarities of the physiological and biochemical processes taking place in animals living in polluted regions (Ross et al. 1993; Walsh et al.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11626-020-00506-w) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Andrey V. Boroda [email protected]; [email protected]
Kseniya V. Efimova [email protected] Igor O. Katin [email protected]
Yulia O. Kipryushina [email protected]
Mariia A. Maiorova [email protected]
Raisa V. Golochvastova [email protected] 1
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