Isolation of endophytic bacteria from the leaves of Anredera cordifolia CIX1 for metabolites and their biological activi
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(2020) 20:300
BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Open Access
Isolation of endophytic bacteria from the leaves of Anredera cordifolia CIX1 for metabolites and their biological activities Celiwe Innocentia Nxumalo, Londeka Sibusisiwe Ngidi* , Jabulani Siyabonga Emmanuel Shandu and Tsolanku Sidney Maliehe
Abstract Background: Endophytes, especially those that are found from ethnopharmacologically noteworthy medicinal plants have attracted attention due to their diverse bioactive metabolites of pharmacological importance. Methods: This study aimed at isolating endophytic bacterium from the leaves of Anredera cordifolia CIX1 for its bioactive metabolites. The endophytic isolates were identified by 16S rRNA sequence and investigated for antibiotic sensitivity using different antibiotics. The secondary metabolites were evaluated for antibacterial activity against four bacterial strains. The 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2, 2′-azinobis (3- ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) methods were used to assess their scavenging activities. The chemical components were analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results: Out of 13 isolates, Isolate 1 was identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa CP043328.1. It was resistant to clindamycin, ertapenem, penicillin G, amoxicillin, cephalothin and kanamycin but sensitive to imipenem, meropenem, and gentamycin. Its extract demonstrated antibacterial activity with minimum inhibitory concentration value of 0.098 against Bacillus cereus (ATCC 10102) and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25925) and 0.391 mg/ml against Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) and Proteus mirabilis (ATCC 25933). The extract revealed DPPH and ABTS scavenging activities with half maximal inhibitory concentration value of 0.650 mg/ml and 0.15 mg/ml, respectively. The GC-MS revealed a total of 15 compounds with diisooctyl phthalate (50.51%) and [1, 2, 4] oxadiazole, 5-benzyl-3 (10.44%) as major components. Conclusions: P. aeruginosa CP043328.1 produced secondary metabolites with antibacterial and antioxidant activities. Keywords: Pseudomonas aeruginosa CP043328.1, Antibacterial activity, Antioxidant activity, Volatile compounds
Background South Africa has remarkable successes in treatment of infectious diseases that include HIV and TB, malaria and others. This is evidenced by the increase in life expectancy over the years. The increase stems from the implementation of some health initiatives that include the use * Correspondence: [email protected] Faculty of Science and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, Private Bag X1001, KwaDlangezwa, KwaZulu Natal Province 3886, South Africa
of antiretroviral agents for people living with HIV [1]. Although an outstanding progress has been made in reducing morbidity and mortality rates due to infectious diseases, new microbial resistance mechanisms threaten prevention and treatment procedures [2]. This is due mainly to inadequate dosing, poor quality drugs, and genetic plasticity of the mi
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