Joint Multi-baseline SAR Interferometry
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Joint Multi-baseline SAR Interferometry G. Fornaro Istituto per il Rilevamento Elettromagnetico dell’Ambiente (IREA), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), via Diocleziano 38, 80124 Napoli, Italy Email: [email protected]
A. Monti Guarnieri Dipartimento di Elettronica e Informazione, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy Email: [email protected]
A. Pauciullo Istituto per il Rilevamento Elettromagnetico dell’Ambiente (IREA), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), via Diocleziano 38, 80124 Napoli, Italy Email: [email protected]
S. Tebaldini Dipartimento di Elettronica e Informazione, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy Email: [email protected] Received 5 August 2004; Revised 27 December 2005 We propose a technique to provide interferometry by combining multiple images of the same area. This technique differs from the multi-baseline approach in literature as (a) it exploits all the images simultaneously, (b) it performs a spectral shift preprocessing to remove most of the decorrelation, and (c) it exploits distributed targets. The technique is mainly intended for DEM generation at centimetric accuracy, as well as for differential interferometry. The problem is framed in the contest of single-input multiple-output (SIMO) channel estimation via the cross-relations (CR) technique and the resulting algorithm provides significant improvements with respect to conventional approaches based either on independent analysis of single interferograms or multi-baselines phase analysis of single pixels of current literature, for those targets that are correlated in all the images, like for long-term coherent areas, or for acquisitions taken with a short revisit time (as those gathered with future satellite constellations). Keywords and phrases: synthetic aperture radar, interferometry, radar data processing, terrain mapping.
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INTRODUCTION
The present and future availability of cooperative spaceborne, multipurpose SAR (synthetic aperture radar) sensors makes frequent coverage of the same scene possible. Both large ground coverage at coarse resolution and reduced ground coverage at fine resolution will require future SAR processing to deal with a large number of data sets, acquired from different viewing (looking) angles, of the same scene. The potentialities intrinsic to cubes of data that will be available with future constellations have only been partially addressed in present and past literature. Most of the efforts have been addressed to the exploitation of permanent This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
scatterers (PS) [1], that is, those structures that are stable over the long term, the main interest being in monitoring changes and subsidence. Unlike the PS approach, we consider those distributed scatterers that maintain a good degree of correlation throu
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