Multichannel SAR Interferometry via Classical and Bayesian Estimation Techniques
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Multichannel SAR Interferometry via Classical and Bayesian Estimation Techniques Alessandra Budillon Dipartimento per le Tecnologie, Universit`a degli Studi di Napoli “Parthenope,” via Acton 38, 80133 Napoli, Italy Email: [email protected]
Giancarlo Ferraiuolo Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettronica e delle Telecomunicazioni, Universit`a degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II,” via Claudio 21, 80125 Napoli, Italy Email: [email protected]
Vito Pascazio Dipartimento per le Tecnologie, Universit`a di Napoli “Parthenope,” via Acton 38, 80133 Napoli, Italy Email: [email protected]
Gilda Schirinzi Dipartimento di Automazione Elettromagnetismo Ingegneria dell’Informazione Matematica Industriale (DAEIMI), Universit`a degli Studi di Cassino, via Di Biasio 43, 03043 Cassino, Italy Email: [email protected] Received 10 August 2004; Revised 20 January 2005 Some multichannel synthetic aperture radar interferometric configurations are analyzed. Both across-track and along-track interferometric systems, allowing to recover the height profile of the ground or the moving target radial velocities, respectively, are considered. The joint use of multichannel configurations, which can be either multifrequency or multi-baseline, and of classical or Bayesian statistical estimation techniques allows to obtain very accurate solutions and to overcome the limitations due to the presence of ambiguous solutions, intrinsic in the single-channel configurations. The improved performance of the multichannelbased methods with respect to the corresponding single-channel ones has been tested with numerical experiments on simulated data. Keywords and phrases: synthetic aperture radar interferometry, statistical signal processing, Markov random fields.
1. INTRODUCTION Synthetic aperture radar interferometric (InSAR) systems use more than one antenna (typically two), which can be displaced along the platform moving direction (along-track interferometry) or along the direction orthogonal to the moving direction (across-track interferometry). From the acquisitions of two or more image signals, these systems are able to recover additional information about the observed scene: they allow the reconstruction of the height profile of the earth surface in the across-track configuration [1, 2], and the detection of moving targets on the ground and the estimation of their range velocity in the along-track configuration [3, 4]. This is possible because the interferometric phase, that is, the (−π, π] wrapped phase of the signal obtained from the point-to-point correlation between the complex images acquired from the two interferometric
antennas, is related the height values of the ground (for the across-track interferometry) and to the range velocity (for the along-track interferometry), through a known mapping. Then, after the so-called phase unwrapping (PhU) operation, a map of the ground elevation, for the first case, or of the target range velocity, for the latter case, can be retrieved. As far as the across-track InSAR case is co
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