Kinetic and mechanistic study of ethanol dehydration to diethyl ether over Ni-ZSM-5 in a closed batch reactor
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Kinetic and mechanistic study of ethanol dehydration to diethyl ether over Ni‑ZSM‑5 in a closed batch reactor Dayaram Tulsiram Sarve1 · Sunit Kumar Singh2 · Jayant D. Ekhe1 Received: 7 June 2020 / Accepted: 24 August 2020 © Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, Hungary 2020
Abstract In the present work, mechanistic pathways and kinetics of catalytic dehydration of ethanol were investigated in a closed batch reactor for the formation of diethyl ether, and ethylene over the synthesized NiO loaded HZSM-5 in the range of 160–240 °C. The effect of the presence of water on reaction performance was also evaluated. No significant negative impact of water over diethyl ether yield was observed up to 1:1 ethanol–water molar ratio. The proposed two-step kinetic model highlights the mechanistically essential comparison between the strong (Brønsted) and weak (Lewis) acid sites of catalyst for ethanol conversion to diethyl ether. Intramolecular dehydration of ethanol over strong acid sites led to ethylene formation. Enhancement of weak acid sites due to NiO loading over HZSM-5 led to interestingly higher yields of diethyl ether by a combination of ethylene and ethanol. Optimal consideration for maximum conversions was observed with high reusability.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s1114 4-020-01847-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Sunit Kumar Singh [email protected] * Jayant D. Ekhe [email protected]; [email protected] 1
Department of Chemistry, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur 440010, India
2
Energy and Resource Management Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Institute, Nagpur 440020, India
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Vol.:(0123456789)
Reaction Kinetics, Mechanisms and Catalysis
Graphic abstract Graphical abstract for ethanol dehydration on Ni-HZSM-5 catalyst.
Keywords Diethyl ether · HZSM-5 · Ni-ZSM-5 · Ethanol dehydration · Kinetics
Introduction The continual use of fossil fuel has led to lots of environmental problems, which has attracted the attention of the scientific community to make a move towards the use of renewable biofuels as an alternative energy source [1, 2]. Among biofuels, bio-ethanol has gained more extensive attention due to its high-octane properties as well as better combustion efficiency, reducing polluting gases in exhaust emissions. Gasoline-ethanol blends have extensive use in automobiles fuels. The traditional fermentation method is a commercial achievement in the synthesis of bio-ethanol from edible biomass (primarily edible crops such as corn, maize, sugarcane, and wheat). However, this edible biomass is an essential part of the food chain. Hence, research work has shifted towards secondary biomass feedstock that is non-edible, i.e., lignocelluloses biomass [3–7]. Bio-ethanol is the best alternative for fossil fuel as an environmentally clean renewable bio-fuel. It is also an eco-friendly and economically feasible option to petroleum for the synthesis of higher
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