Lactobacillus gastricus BTM 7 prevents intestinal colonization by biofilm forming Cronobacter sakazakii in Caenorhabditi
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Lactobacillus gastricus BTM 7 prevents intestinal colonization by biofilm forming Cronobacter sakazakii in Caenorhabditis elegans model host Sharma Kavita . Murugesan Pooranachithra . Niharika Singh . Mani Iyer Prasanth . Krishnaswamy Balamurugan . Gunjan Goel
Received: 24 May 2020 / Accepted: 19 August 2020 Ó Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract The study reports protective role of potential probiotic cultures against infection by biofilm forming Cronobacter sakazakii in Caenorhabditis elegans model system. Among the fifteen indigenous potential probiotics, the cell free supernatant of Lactobacillus gastricus BTM7 possessed highest antimicrobial action and biofilm inhibition against C. sakazakii. The competitive exclusion assays revealed that preconditioning with probiotics resulted in increased mean life span of the nematode to 12–13 days as compared to 5–6 days when the pathogen was administered alone. Enhanced expression of the marker genes (pmk-1, daf-16 and skn-1)
was observed during the administration of probiotic cultures. The highest expression of pmk-1 (2.5 folds) was observed with administration of L. gastricus BTM7. The principal component analysis on selected variables revealed that L. gastricus BTM7 has the potential to limit the infection of C. sakazakii in C. elegans and enhance the expression of key genes involved in extending life span of the worm. Keywords Probiotics Antimicrobial activity Biofilm Cronobacter sakazakii Caenorhabditis elegans Introduction
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10482-020-01466-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Cronobacter sakazakii is an opportunistic pathogen which causes rare but fatal septicemia and meningitis
S. Kavita G. Goel (&) Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat 173234, India e-mail: [email protected]
M. I. Prasanth Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
M. Pooranachithra M. I. Prasanth K. Balamurugan Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630004, India
G. Goel Department of Microbiology, School of Interdisciplinary and Applied Sciences, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh 123031, India
N. Singh Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Rama University, Mandhana, Kanpur 209217, India
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Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
infections. It is an occasional contaminant in powdered infant formula (PIF) which act as a vehicle of infection in neonates. C. sakazakii is also known to cause meningitis, bacteremia and necrotizing enterocolitis in neonates with a high fatality rates of 27% (Friedemann, 2009). Cronobacter spp. has been described as sensitive for displaying intermediate sensitivity to many antimicrobials. However, it was observed that when bacterial cells are embedded in orga
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