Laser-Induced Spatially Periodic Structures on the Titanium Surface in n-Hexane at Different Pressures
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Induced Spatially Periodic Structures on the Titanium Surface in n-Hexane at Different Pressures D. A. Kochueva*, K. S. Khor’kova, A. S. Chernikova, R. V. Chkalova, and V. G. Prokosheva a Vladimir
State University, Vladimir, 600000 Russia *e-mail: [email protected]
Received January 22, 2020; revised April 29, 2020; accepted May 8, 2020
Abstract—A titanium surface has been irradiated by a femtosecond laser in n-hexane at different pressures. The influence of laser-induced plasma on the character of formation of the surface-periodic structures in the pressure range from 6 mbar to 22 bar has been considered. The surface of the treated samples is analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. It is shown that the period of the obtained laser-induced ripple structures depends on pressure in the working vessel and the treatment mode. Keywords: laser-induced surface-periodic structures, femtosecond laser radiation, n-hexane, laser plasma. DOI: 10.1134/S106378502008009X
Laser structuring is a universal and efficient way of treating materials to provide new functional properties of their surfaces [1]. Formation of laser-induced surface-periodic structures (LISPSs) is a promising modern line of research in photonics, plasmonics, and nanomaterials science. This approach makes it possible to form ordered micro- and nanostructures on surfaces of various materials with high efficiency and reproducibility [2–4]. Currently, there are several approaches to the explanation of the mechanisms of LISPS formation on metal surfaces. The interference model of the process of periodic-structure formation has been multiply confirmed in experiments [5, 6]. According to this model, LISPSs are formed at interference of irradiation and excited surface electromagnetic wave. Upon scattering of the incident radiation from surface inhomogeneities, surface plasmons are excited, which may interfere with the incident radiation. Along with the problem of interpretation of the physical process of formation of surface-periodic structures under laser irradiation, there also exists a problem of forming LISPS with a specified period. The period of such structures depends on the wavelength [7], laser power [8], and angle of incidence [9], and the arrangement of the tracks formed in the irradiation zone depends on the laser-radiation polarization [10, 11]. Generally, the output parameters of laser systems (especially femtosecond ones) affecting the LISPS period are difficult to change in commercial applications. However, the use of modern fiber lasers makes it possible to vary these parameters without changing the system design [12].
In most studies devoted to LISPS formation mechanisms, the pressure value is either omitted or mentioned only in passing. Among the studies on the formation of surface periodic structures, we should distinguish work [13], where the period of LISPSs formed on silicon in air was shown to depend on the pressure in the range from atmospheric conditions to 10–4 mbar. It was shown that the spatial period of ripple structures treated in a more d
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