Level, Causes and Risk Factors of Neonatal Mortality, in Jordan: Results of a National Prospective Study
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Level, Causes and Risk Factors of Neonatal Mortality, in Jordan: Results of a National Prospective Study Anwar M. Batieha1 • Yousef S. Khader2 • Nino Berdzuli3 • Chuanpit Chua-Oon3 Eman F. Badran4 • Nihaya A. Al-sheyab5 • Asma S. Basha6 • Ahmad Obaidat7 • Ra’eda J. Al-Qutob8
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Ó Springer Science+Business Media New York 2015
Abstract Objective The present study aimed at assessment of the magnitude of neonatal mortality in Jordan, and its causes and associated factors. Methods Through a multistage sampling technique, a total of 21,928 deliveries with a gestational period C20 weeks from 18 hospitals were included in the study. The status of their babies 28 days after birth, whether dead or alive, was ascertained. Extensive data were collected about mothers and their newborns at admission and after 28 days of birth. Causes of death were classified according to the neonatal and intrauterine death classification according to etiology. Preventability of death was classified according to Herman’s classification into preventable, partially preventable, and not preventable.
Ra’eda J. Al-Qutob is currently a member of the Jordanian Senate. & Anwar M. Batieha [email protected] 1
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
2
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
3
International Division, John Snow, Inc., 44 Farnsworth Street, Boston, MA 02210, USA
4
Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
5
Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
6
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University, Amman, Jordan
7
Princess Rahma Hospital, Irbid, Jordan
8
Department of Maternal and Child Health, Jordan University, Amman, Jordan
Results Neonatal mortality rate, overall and for subgroups of the study was obtained. Risk factors for neonatal mortality were first examined in bivariate analyses and finally by multivariate logistic regression models to account for potential confounders. A total of 327 babies C20 weeks of gestation died in the neonatal period (14.9/1000 LB). Excluding babies\1000 g and\28 weeks of gestation to be consistent with the WHO and UNICEF’s annual neonatal mortality reports, the NNMR decreased to 10.5/1000 LB. About 79 % of all neonatal deaths occurred in the first week after birth with over 42 % occurring in the first day after birth. According to NICE hierarchical classification, most neonatal deaths were due to congenital anomalies (27.2 %), multiple births (26.0 %), or unexplained immaturity (21.7 %). Other important causes included maternal disease (6.7 %), specific infant conditions (6.4 %), and unexplained asphyxia (4.9 %). According to Herman’s classification, 37 % of neonatal deaths were preventable and 59 % possibly preventable. An experts’ panel determined that 37.3 % of neonatal deaths received optimal medical care wh
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