Lignin-derived hierarchical porous carbon supported Pd nanoparticles as an efficient electrocatalyst for ethanol oxidati
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Lignin‑derived hierarchical porous carbon supported Pd nanoparticles as an efficient electrocatalyst for ethanol oxidation Han Xu1 · Yan Qing1 · Fuquan Xiong1 · Yiqiang Wu1 Accepted: 10 October 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Herein, lignin derived hierarchical porous carbon (LHPC) supported Pd nanoparticles (Pd/LHPC) were synthesized and developed as advanced electrocatalysts for ethanol oxidation. In the Pd/LHPC, the special hierarchical porous carbon with the interconnected micropores and mesopores uniformly distribute on the surface and walls of macropores can provide facile transport for electroactive species and more reaction available surface. The Pd/LHPC exhibits larger specific electrochemically active surface area, higher electrocatalytic activity and better stability toward the oxidation of ethanol than the black carbon (Vulcan XC-72) supported Pd (Pd/XC-72) and commercial Pd/C electrocatalysts. The strategy reported will open a new road to effectively use industrial waste to synthesize advanced carbon material for efficient electrocatalysts and other electrochemical energy-conversion devices. Keywords Lignin · Hierarchical porous carbon · Pd nanoparticles · Electrocatalyst
1 Introduction Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) have received significant attention as promising energy devices with their high efficiency energy conversion and environmental friendliness for transportation and mobile application [1–3]. As of today, the noble metals (such as Pt and Pd) are still regarded as the most efficient and popular implemented catalyst for PEMFCs, however, its high cost and scarcity remain one of the biggest obstacles to commercial applications of PEMFCs [4–6]. Therefore, intense efforts have been devoted to increase the noble metal utilization rate and decrease the noble metal loading while improve catalytic activity and stability of catalysts, therefore, lower the cost of PEMFCs. A commonly sought strategy is developing Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10934-020-00998-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Fuquan Xiong [email protected] * Yiqiang Wu [email protected] 1
College of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, People’s Republic of China
supported catalysts with high chemical stability, large surface area and favorable electric conductivity [7–9]. Carbon materials have been used industrially as catalyst support, and carbon supported metallic catalysts have been exploited for a wide range of reactions due to their present several advantages to be used as catalyst support, such as good resistance to acids and bases, adjustable pore sizes, easy processability and relatively low cost [10, 11]. To further enhance the catalytic activity and durability of the carbon supported metallic catalysts, there has been in recent years considerable interest in the development of
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