Lignocellulosic biomass and industrial bioprocesses for the production of second generation bio-ethanol, does it have a
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Lignocellulosic biomass and industrial bioprocesses for the production of second generation bio‑ethanol, does it have a future in Algeria? Maroua Gares1 · Serge Hiligsmann2 · Noreddine Kacem Chaouche1 Received: 31 December 2019 / Accepted: 27 August 2020 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Algeria is facing two serious constraints, energy shortage and environment pollution. To overcome these two problems, renewable energies are the best sustainable alternatives. In this context, Algeria Government has established in 2011 a program for the development of renewable energies. The prospective results show a substantial contribution to sup‑ plying national energy demand as well as some significant environmental benefits, namely through major greenhouse gas savings. In fact, lignocellulosic sources as Algerian Alfa, olive pomace and cereal straw could provide up to 0.67 Mtoe which represents 4.37% of the energy consumption of transport sector in Algeria. In the same vein, introducing energy crops and dedicated cereal crop technologies allows Algeria to progressively increase its renewable energy supply. Up to 73.5 Mtoe and 57.9 Mtoe can be produced from the two cited resources respectively. That is more than the national energy consumption which reached 60.96 MToe in 2018. Graphic abstract
Keywords Lignocellulosic biomass · Bioconversion · Bioethanol production · Energy crops · Algerian Alfa · Olive pomace * Maroua Gares, [email protected] | 1Laboratoire de Mycologie, Biotechnologie et de l’Activité Microbienne (LaMyBAM). Département de Biologie Appliquée, FSNV, Univ. Frères Mentouri, 25017 Constantine, Algeria. 23BIO‑BioTech, Brussels School of Engineering, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Avenue F. Roosevelt, 50, CP165/61, 1050 Brussels, Belgium. SN Applied Sciences
(2020) 2:1680
| https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-020-03442-2
Vol.:(0123456789)
Review Paper
SN Applied Sciences
(2020) 2:1680
1 Introduction The depletion of fossil resources and the environmental pollution (global warming, acid rain, smog, etc.) caused by greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, such as carbon dioxide CO2 from the exploitation of oil [1, 2], justify the search for alternative technologies capable of protect‑ ing the environment and reducing the dependence to these fossil fuels [3]. Currently 8–14% of global energy consumption is based on biomass which includes all the organic matters such as plants and forests residues, food and agricultural waste, as well as both solid and liquid domestic wastes [4]. Indeed, the biomass is recognized as a renewable resource that can reduce GHG emis‑ sions—of CO2 sequestered in biomass (the CO2 which was taken from the atmosphere during the growing stage of the biomass) [5, 6]. Furthermore, in order to reduce CO2 emissions, many jurisdictions have planned to deplete the emission lev‑ els by 2030 (40% levels for European Union; 26–41% for Canada; 38–48% for Japan; 25–30% for United States; 19–34% for China and 13–17% for India,) compared to 1990 emission levels [7]. Other countries l
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