Liposomal and Phytosomal Formulations
Liposomes and phytosomes are kind of nanoparticles (NPs) which serve as an imperative tool for the delivery of various bioactive molecules. The molecules possessing lesser water solubility, bioavailability and retention time are encapsulated into both of
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Liposomal and Phytosomal Formulations Anika Guliani, Rubbel Singla, Avnesh Kumari and Sudesh Kumar Yadav
Abstract
Liposomes and phytosomes are kind of nanoparticles (NPs) which serve as an imperative tool for the delivery of various bioactive molecules. The molecules possessing lesser water solubility, bioavailability and retention time are encapsulated into both of these formulations. More specifically, liposomes can encapsulate both hydrophobic as well as hydrophilic molecules. While phytosomes contain only plant-based molecules having poor solubility in biological media like flavanones and terpenes. The various advantages of liposomes and phytosomes like biocompatibility, nontoxicity, ease to administer, decrease in dosage and increase in retention time make them potent vehicles for the drug delivery of various molecules. These nanoformulations find potential applications for delivery of various bioactive molecules, in tissue regeneration and as antimicrobials. This chapter highlights the importance of liposomes and phytosomes, methods of their preparation, mechanism of their action and applications. Keywords
Liposomes Antioxidant
Phytosomes
Bioactive molecule
Drug delivery
A. Guliani R. Singla A. Kumari S.K. Yadav Department of Biotechnology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur 176061, Himachal Pradesh, India A. Guliani R. Singla S.K. Yadav Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, India S.K. Yadav (&) Department of Biotechnology, Center of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing (CIAB), Mohali 160071, Punjab, India e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] © Springer Science+Business Media Singapore 2016 S.K. Yadav (ed.), Nanoscale Materials in Targeted Drug Delivery, Theragnosis and Tissue Regeneration, DOI 10.1007/978-981-10-0818-4_4
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Contents 4.1
Introduction...................................................... 82
4.2
Types of Liposomes ......................................... 83 4.2.1 Liposomes Based on Drug Delivery Systems................................................. 83 4.2.2 Liposomes Based on Structural Parameters............................................. 84
4.3
Methods of Preparation of Liposomes .......... 84 4.3.1 Passive Drug Loading/Encapsulation... 85 4.3.2 Active Drug Loading/Encapsulation .... 88
4.4
Methods of Preparation of Phytosomes ........ 4.4.1 Supercritical Fluids............................... 4.4.2 Solvent Evaporation ............................. 4.4.3 Antisolvent Precipitation Technique ....
4.5
Mechanism of Liposome and Phytosome Formation ......................................................... 89
4.6
PhysicoChemical Characterisation of Liposomal and Phytosomal Formulations .................................................... 89
4.7
Surface Modifications of Liposomes and Phytosomes ............................................... 91
4.8
Targeting Mechanism of Liposomes and Phytosomes .......................................
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